Python Matplotlib 中文字符显示问题：UserWarning: Glyph 36724 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F74}) missing from

问题与处理策略

1、问题描述

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib

matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]

plt.plot(x, y)

plt.title("折线图")
plt.xlabel("X 轴")
plt.ylabel("Y 轴")

plt.show()

• 执行上述代码，报如下错误，且图表中的中文字符无法正常显示

D:\Python3.10.2\lib\tkinter\__init__.py:839: UserWarning: Glyph 36724 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F74}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  func(*args)
D:\Python3.10.2\lib\tkinter\__init__.py:839: UserWarning: Glyph 31616 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B80}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  func(*args)
D:\Python3.10.2\lib\tkinter\__init__.py:839: UserWarning: Glyph 21333 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5355}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  func(*args)
D:\Python3.10.2\lib\tkinter\__init__.py:839: UserWarning: Glyph 25240 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6298}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  func(*args)
D:\Python3.10.2\lib\tkinter\__init__.py:839: UserWarning: Glyph 32447 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7EBF}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  func(*args)
D:\Python3.10.2\lib\tkinter\__init__.py:839: UserWarning: Glyph 22270 (\N{CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56FE}) missing from font(s) DejaVu Sans.
  func(*args)

2、问题原因

• 这个错误是由于 Matplotlib 使用的字体 DejaVu Sans 不支持中文字符导致的

3、处理策略

• 指定系统中已安装的支持中文的字体

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib

matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

# 设置支持中文的字体，使用黑体
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']

x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
y = [2, 3, 5, 7, 11]

plt.plot(x, y)

plt.title("折线图")
plt.xlabel("X 轴")
plt.ylabel("Y 轴")

plt.show()