FFmpeg过滤器框架分析

ffmpeg的filter⽤起来是和Gstreamer的plugin是⼀样的概念，通过avfilter_link，将各个创建好的filter按 ⾃⼰想要的次序链接到⼀起，然后avfilter_graph_config之后，就可以正常使⽤。 ⽐较常⽤的滤镜有：scale、trim、overlay、rotate、movie、yadif。scale 滤镜⽤于缩放，trim 滤镜⽤ 于帧级剪切，overlay 滤镜⽤于视频叠加，rotate 滤镜实现旋转，movie 滤镜可以加载第三⽅的视频， yadif 滤镜可以去隔⾏。

主要结构体和API介绍

AVFilterGraph-对filters系统的整体管理

重点

struct AVFilterGraph 
{
    
	AVFilterContext **filters; 
	unsigned nb_filters; 
}

完整结构体

typedef struct AVFilterGraph {
   
    const AVClass *av_class;
    AVFilterContext **filters;
    unsigned nb_filters;

    char *scale_sws_opts; ///< sws options to use for the auto-inserted scale filters
#if FF_API_LAVR_OPTS
    attribute_deprecated char *resample_lavr_opts;   ///< libavresample options to use for the auto-inserted resample filters
#endif

    /**
     * Type of multithreading allowed for filters in this graph. A combination
     * of AVFILTER_THREAD_* flags.
     *
     * May be set by the caller at any point, the setting will apply to all
     * filters initialized after that. The default is allowing everything.
     *
     * When a filter in this graph is initialized, this field is combined using
     * bit AND with AVFilterContext.thread_type to get the final mask used for
     * determining allowed threading types. I.e. a threading type needs to be
     * set in both to be allowed.
     */
    int thread_type;

    /**
     * Maximum number of threads used by filters in this graph. May be set by
     * the caller before adding any filters to the filtergraph. Zero (the
     * default) means that the number of threads is determined automatically.
     */
    int nb_threads;

    /**
     * Opaque object for libavfilter internal use.
     */
    AVFilterGraphInternal *internal;

    /**
     * Opaque user data. May be set by the caller to an arbitrary value, e.g. to
     * be used from callbacks like @ref AVFilterGraph.execute.
     * Libavfilter will not touch this field in any way.
     */
    void *opaque;

    /**
     * This callback may be set by the caller immediately after allocating the
     * graph and before adding any filters to it, to provide a custom
     * multithreading implementation.
     *
     * If set, filters with slice threading capability will call this callback
     * to execute multiple jobs in parallel.
     *
     * If this field is left unset, libavfilter will use its internal
     * implementation, which may or may not be multithreaded depending on the
     * platform and build options.
     */
    avfilter_execute_func *execute;

    char *aresample_swr_opts; ///< swr options to use for the auto-inserted aresample filters, Access ONLY through AVOptions

    /**
     * Private fields
     *
     * The following fields are for internal use only.
     * Their type, offset, number and semantic can change without notice.
     */

    AVFilterLink **sink_links;
    int sink_links_count;

    unsigned disable_auto_convert;
} AVFilterGraph;

AVFilter-定义filter本身的能⼒

重点

const char *name; // overlay 
const AVFilterPad *inputs; 
const AVFilterPad *outputs;

⽐如：

AVFilter ff_vf_overlay = {
   
    .name          = "overlay",
    .description   = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Overlay a video source on top of the input."),
    .preinit       = overlay_framesync_preinit,
    .init          = init,
    .uninit        = uninit,
    .priv_size     = sizeof(OverlayContext),
    .priv_class    = &overlay_class,
    .query_formats = query_formats,
    .activate      = activate,
    .process_command = process_command,
    .inputs        = avfilter_vf_overlay_inputs,
    .outputs       = avfilter_vf_overlay_outputs,
    .flags         = AVFILTER_FLAG_SUPPORT_TIMELINE_INTERNAL |
                     AVFILTER_FLAG_SLICE_THREADS,
};

// 定义filter本身的能⼒，拥有的pads，回调函数接⼝定义

typedef struct AVFilter {
   
    /**
     * Filter name. Must be non-NULL and unique among filters.
     */
    const char *name;

    /**
     * A description of the filter. May be NULL.
     *
     * You should use the NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL() macro to define it.
     */
    const char *description;

    /**
     * List of inputs, terminated by a zeroed element.
     *
     * NULL if there are no (static) inputs. Instances of filters with
     * AVFILTER_FLAG_DYNAMIC_INPUTS set may have more inputs than present in
     * this list.
     */
    const AVFilterPad *inputs;
    /**
     * List of outputs, terminated by a zeroed element.
     *
     * NULL if there are no (static) outputs. Instances of filters with
     * AVFILTER_FLAG_DYNAMIC_OUTPUTS set may have more outputs than present in
     * this list.
     */
    const AVFilterPad *outputs;

    /**
     * A class for the private data, used to declare filter private AVOptions.
     * This field is NULL for filters that do not declare any options.
     *
     * If this field is non-NULL, the first member of the filter private data
     * must be a pointer to AVClass, which will be set by libavfilter generic
     * co