ORACLE数据库常用查询二

ORACLE数据库常用查询

1、查看表空间对应数据文件情况：

SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,FILE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 MB,AUTOEXTENSIBLE FROM DBA_DATA_FILES;

TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_NAME MB AUTOEXTENSIBLE

------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------- ---- --------------

USERS D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF 5 YES

UNDOTBS1 D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF 85 YES

SYSAUX D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF 520 YES

SYSTEM D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF 690 YES

EXAMPLE D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF 100 YES

2、查看剩余表空间大小

SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024 MB FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME;

TABLESPACE_NAME MB

------------------------------ ----------

SYSAUX 30.875

UNDOTBS1 71.625

USERS 0.9375

SYSTEM 3.4375

EXAMPLE 21.25

3、表空间使用统计

SQL> SELECT DF.TABLESPACE_NAME "表空间名",TOTALSPACE "总空间 MB",FREESPACE "剩余空间 MB",ROUND((1-FREESPACE/TOTALSPACE)*100,2) "作用率" FROM

2 (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024) TOTALSPACE FROM DBA_DATA_FILES GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) DF,

3 (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024) FREESPACE FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) FS

4 WHERE DF.TABLESPACE_NAME = FS.TABLESPACE_NAME ORDER BY DF.TABLESPACE_NAME;



表空间名 总空间 MB 剩余空间 MB 作用率

------------------------------ ---------- ----------- ----------

EXAMPLE 100 21 79

SYSAUX 520 31 94.04

SYSTEM 690 3 99.57

UNDOTBS1 85 72 15.29

USERS 5 1 80

4、查看数据库相关文件的位置
查看控制文件、初始化参数文件、查看告警日志文件位置：

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER CONTROL;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

control_file_record_keep_time integer 7

control_files string D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\CONTROL01.CTL, D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA\ORCL\CONTROL02.CTL

control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING



SQL> SHOW PARAMETER SPFILE;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

spfile string D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SPFILEORCL.ORA



SQL> SHOW PARAMETER DUMP;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

background_core_dump string partial

background_dump_dest string d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace

core_dump_dest string d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\cdump

max_dump_file_size string unlimited

shadow_core_dump string none

user_dump_dest string d:\app\administrator\diag\rdbms\orcl\orcl\trace

查看数据文件的位置：

SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME FROM DBA_DATA_FILES;

FILE_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\USERS01.DBF

D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\UNDOTBS01.DBF

D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSAUX01.DBF

D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\SYSTEM01.DBF

D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\EXAMPLE01.DBF



SQL> SELECT FILE_NAME FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES;

FILE_NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

D:\APP\ADMINISTRATOR\ORADATA\ORCL\TEMP01.DBF

6、查看用户相关信息

SQL> SELECT USERNAME FROM DBA_USERS;

USERNAME

------------------------------

SYS

SYSTEM

SYSMAN

SCOTT

HR

……

=================

SQL> ALTER USER HR IDENTIFIED BY rusky ACCOUNT LOCK;

User altered



SQL> ALTER USER HR ACCOUNT UNLOCK;

User altered



SQL> ALTER USER SCOTT IDENTIFIED BY scott;

User altered

===================
查用户对像：
select * from user_objects;
查看用户表信息：
select * from user_tables;
查看用户索引信息：
select * from user_indexes;
查看用户序列信息：
select * from user_sequences;
查看用户视图信息：
select * from user_views;
查看用户触发器信息：
select * from user_trigers;--以sys登录
查看用户权限：
SQL> conn scott/tiger;
已连接。
SQL> select * from user_sys_privs;

USERNAME PRIVILEGE ADM
------------------------------ ---------------------------------------- ---
SCOTT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE NO
=======================

7、查看及修改用户连接数

SQL> SHOW PARAMETER PROCESS;

NAME TYPE VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

aq_tm_processes integer 0

cell_offload_processing boolean TRUE

db_writer_processes integer 1

gcs_server_processes integer 0

global_txn_processes integer 1

job_queue_processes integer 1000

log_archive_max_processes integer 4

processes integer 150



SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET PROCESSES=200 SCOPE=SPFILE;

System altered

重启生效

SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE

SQL> STARTUP

8、给数据库增加日志组

SQL> SELECT GROUP#,THREAD#,BYTES,MEMBERS,STATUS FROM V$LOG;

GROUP# THREAD# BYTES MEMBERS STATUS

---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------------

1 1 52428800 1 CURRENT

2 1 52428800 1 INACTIVE

3 1 52428800 1 INACTIVE



SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 'D:\testAddLog.log' SIZE 2M;

ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 'D:\testAddLog.log' SIZE 2M

ORA-00336: 大小为 4096 的日志文件块数小于最小 8192 块数



SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE GROUP 4 'D:\testAddLog.log' SIZE 8M;

Database altered

日志组会影响数据库的性能，根据业务情况设置合适的日志组大小和组数。