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用户发送请求至前端控制器DispatcherServlet；
DispatcherServlet收到请求后，调用HandlerMapping处理器映射器，请求获取Handle；
处理器映射器根据请求url找到具体的处理器，生成处理器对象及处理器拦截器(如果有则生成)一并返回给DispatcherServlet；
DispatcherServlet 调用 HandlerAdapter处理器适配器；
HandlerAdapter 经过适配调用 具体处理器(Handler，也叫后端控制器)；
Handler执行完成返回ModelAndView；
HandlerAdapter将Handler执行结果ModelAndView返回给DispatcherServlet；
DispatcherServlet将ModelAndView传给ViewResolver视图解析器进行解析；
ViewResolver解析后返回具体View；
DispatcherServlet对View进行渲染视图（即将模型数据填充至视图中）
DispatcherServlet响应用户。
step1 封装数据并进入doDispatch方法 (已省略部分代码)
DispatcherServlet.java
protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include,
// to be able to restore the original attributes after the include.
Map attributesSnapshot = null;
if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) {
attributesSnapshot = new HashMap();
Enumeration attrNames = request.getAttributeNames();
while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) {
String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement();
if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet")) {
attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName));
}
}
}
// Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects.
request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext());
request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver);
request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver);
request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource());
FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response);
if (inputFlashMap != null) {
request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap));
}
request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap());
request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager);
doDispatch(request, response); --------------重点
}
step2 找hanlder 找hanlerAdapter invoke方法
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request;
HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null;
boolean multipartRequestParsed = false;
WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
try {
ModelAndView mv = null;
Exception dispatchException = null;
try {
processedRequest = checkMultipart(request);
multipartRequestParsed = (processedRequest != request);
// Determine handler for the current request. 根据request得到handler和拦截器组成的链 具体看step2.1
mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest);
// Determine handler adapter for the current request. 根据handler得到handlerAdapter
HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler());
// Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler.
String method = request.getMethod();
boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method);
if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) {
long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + getRequestUri(request) + "] is: " + lastModified);
}
if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) {
return;
}
}
if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) {
return;
}
// Actually invoke the handler. 执行方法并返回modleAndView
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
return;
}
applyDefaultViewName(request, mv);
mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
dispatchException = ex;
}
processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex);
}
catch (Error err) {
triggerAfterCompletionWithError(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, err);
}
finally {
if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
// Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion
if (mappedHandler != null) {
mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response);
}
}
else {
// Clean up any resources used by a multipart request.
if (multipartRequestParsed) {
cleanupMultipart(processedRequest);
}
}
}
}
step2.1 关于如何得到handler
得到handler过程.PNG
细节：handlerMappings是什么时候被赋值的呢？
是在dispatcher的initHandlerMappings() 从applicationcontext中读取并赋值 本地debug时发现有3个mapping(RequestMappingHandlerMapping
/BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping/SimpleUrlHandlerMapping)
DispatcherServler.java
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
for (HandlerMapping hm : this.handlerMappings) {
HandlerExecutionChain handler = hm.getHandler(request);
if (handler != null) {
return handler;
}
}
return null;
}
AbstractHandlerMapping.java
public final HandlerExecutionChain getHandler(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
Object handler = getHandlerInternal(request); 具体源码在下面
if (handler == null) {
handler = getDefaultHandler();
}
if (handler == null) {
return null;
}
// Bean name or resolved handler?
if (handler instanceof String) {
String handlerName = (String) handler;
handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
}
得到handler再去得handler链(加一加拦截器)
return getHandlerExecutionChain(handler, request);
}
protected HandlerMethod getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request); 得到URL
查找当前请求的最佳匹配处理程序方法。如果找到多个匹配项，则选择最佳匹配项。
HandlerMethod handlerMethod = lookupHandlerMethod(lookupPath, request);
return (handlerMethod != null ? handlerMethod.createWithResolvedBean() : null);
}
protected HandlerExecutionChain getHandlerExecutionChain(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request) {
HandlerExecutionChain chain = (handler instanceof HandlerExecutionChain ?
(HandlerExecutionChain) handler : new HandlerExecutionChain(handler));
chain.addInterceptors(getAdaptedInterceptors());
String lookupPath = this.urlPathHelper.getLookupPathForRequest(request); //得到请求的相对URL
for (MappedInterceptor mappedInterceptor : this.mappedInterceptors) {
//添加拦截器
if (mappedInterceptor.matches(lookupPath, this.pathMatcher)) {
chain.addInterceptor(mappedInterceptor.getInterceptor());
}
}
return chain;
}