Chao-tsung 唐昭宗

1. Not only was Chao-tsung totally powerless to desert Tang authority over the provinces, he was unable even to control events at his own court, or in the area immediately surrounding the capital.

昭宗不仅根本无力重新树立唐王朝对各地的权威，而且也管不了朝廷中或京师四周地区发生的事情

2. For the first years of his reign, Chao-tsung’s main political problem was the familiar one of eunuch control over the court.

在他即位的第一年，昭宗的主要政治问题仍然是宦官控制朝政的问题

3.Chao-tsung’s inability to protect even his close relatives increased provincial contempt for the court, and greatly added to Chao-tsung’s personal frustration.

昭宗连自己的至亲都没有力量保护，这使藩镇对朝廷更加藐视，并大大增加了昭宗个人所受的挫折

4.As he struggled to regain control of his court, Chao-stung also became drawn into hostilities with Li Ko-young, the Sha-to Turk whose family had rendered such notable assistance to the dynasty during the Pang Hsun and Huang Chao rebellions.

当昭宗为重掌朝纲而进行斗争时，他又陷入与李克用的敌对行动之中；这个沙陀突厥家族在庞勋和黄巢叛乱时曾给唐王朝提供了重大的援助

5.There was real apprehension both in the provinces and at court about the ultimate aims of the Sha-to Turks.

藩镇和朝廷双方都对沙陀突厥的最终目的存有戒心

6.There was widespread fear of the Turks in many parts of north China, and this presented the court with a unique opportunity to take the initiative and organize a broadly supported campaign against them, to give a display of imperial leadership and even to regain for the court control of territory outside Kuan-Chung.

华北许多地方都普遍对突厥人怀有恐惧之心，这就给朝廷提供了一个极好的机会去采取主动行动和对他们组织一场得到广泛支持的战役，以显示皇帝的领导地位，甚至使朝廷恢复对关中以外的疆土的控制