workflow 之 Prefect 基本用法（qbit）

前言

• 软件版本

  Python  3.8.10
  poetry  1.1.12
  prefect 1.0.0

• poetry github：https://github.com/python-poe...
• prefect github：https://github.com/PrefectHQ/...

安装

• 用 poetry 初始化项目后在 pyproject.toml 添加以下依赖，然后运行 poetry update -vvv

  # 国内镜像源（可选）
  [[tool.poetry.source]]
  name = "aliyun"
  url = "https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/"
  default = true
  
  [tool.poetry.dependencies]
  python = "^3.8"
  prefect = "~1.0.0"

• 设置启用检查点环境变量

  # Linux
  export PREFECT__FLOWS__CHECKPOINTING=true
  # Windows powershell
  $env:PREFECT__FLOWS__CHECKPOINTING="true"
  # Windows cmd（注意行尾不要有空格）
  set PREFECT__FLOWS__CHECKPOINTING=true

• 测试代码

• test_prefect.py

  # encoding: utf-8
  # author: qbit
  # date: 2022-01-12
  # summary: 测试 prefect，加减乘除
  
  import os
  import sys
  import shutil
  import prefect
  from prefect import task, Flow
  from prefect.engine.results import LocalResult
  
  logger = prefect.context.get("logger")
  cur_dir_fullpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
  cur_filename = os.path.basename(__file__)
  dirname = f".{os.path.splitext(cur_filename)[0]}"       # 以当前 py 文件名作为缓存目录名
  PrefectLocalResultDir = os.path.join(cur_dir_fullpath, dirname)
  
  def ClearDirectory(dir):
    r""" 清空目录 """
    for filename in os.listdir(dir):
        file = os.path.join(dir, filename)
        try:
            if os.path.isfile(file) or os.path.islink(file):
                os.remove(file)
            elif os.path.isdir(file):
                shutil.rmtree(file)
        except Exception as e:
            print(f'Failed to delete{file}. Reason: {e}')
  
  @task(target="{task_name}.target", checkpoint=True, result=LocalResult(dir=PrefectLocalResultDir))
  def TaskAdd(x, y):
    result = x + y
    logger.info(f"{x} + {y} = {result}")
    return result
  
  @task
  def TaskSubtract(x):
    r""" 读入参数减 1 """
    result = x - 1
    logger.info(f"{x} - 1 = {result}")
    return result
  
  @task
  def TaskMultiply(x):
    r""" 读入参数乘以 2 """
    result = x * 2
    logger.info(f"{x} * 2 = {result}")
    print(f"result: {result}")
    return result
  
  @task(log_stdout=True)
  def TaskDivide(x, y):
    r""" 读入参数做除法 """
    result = y / x
    logger.info(f"{y} / {x} = {result}")
    return result
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
    if (len(sys.argv) > 1) and (sys.argv[1] == "restart"):
        print(f"****** Clear {PrefectLocalResultDir} ...")
        ClearDirectory(PrefectLocalResultDir)
  
    with Flow("示例: 四则运算") as flow:
        addResult = TaskAdd(2, 1)
        subResult = TaskSubtract(addResult)
        mulResult = TaskMultiply(addResult)
        TaskDivide(subResult, mulResult)
  
    flow_state = flow.run()

运行

• 第一次运行（注意第一个计算结果的 state 是 Success）

  # 运行命令
  poetry run python ./test_prefect.py
  # 结果输出
  [2022-02-24 17:35:48+0800] INFO - prefect.FlowRunner | Beginning Flow run for '示例: 四则运算'
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskAdd': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect | 2 + 1 = 3
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskAdd': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskMultiply': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskSubtract': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect | 3 * 2 = 6
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect | 3 - 1 = 2
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskMultiply': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskSubtract': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskDivide': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect | 6 / 2 = 3.0
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | result: 3.0
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskDivide': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:35:49+0800] INFO - prefect.FlowRunner | Flow run SUCCESS: all reference tasks succeeded

• 第二次运行（注意第一个计算结果的 state 是 cached）

  # 运行命令
  poetry run python ./test_prefect.py
  # 结果输出
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.FlowRunner | Beginning Flow run for '示例: 四则运算'
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskAdd': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskAdd': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Cached'
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskMultiply': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskSubtract': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect | 3 * 2 = 6
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect | 3 - 1 = 2
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskMultiply': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskSubtract': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskDivide': Starting task run...
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect | 6 / 2 = 3.0
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | result: 3.0
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.TaskRunner | Task 'TaskDivide': Finished task run for task with final state: 'Success'
  [2022-02-24 17:36:47+0800] INFO - prefect.FlowRunner | Flow run SUCCESS: all reference tasks succeeded

静态 DAG 图

• 官方文档：https://docs.prefect.io/core/...
• 下载 Graphviz 并配置到 PATH 环境变量

• 修改 pyproject.toml，添加 viz extra，然后运行 poetry update -vvv

  [tool.poetry.dependencies]
  python = "^3.8"
  prefect = { version = "~1.0.0", extras = ["viz"] }

• 修改 test_prefect.py 的主函数

  if __name__ == '__main__':
    if (len(sys.argv) > 1) and (sys.argv[1] == "restart"):
        print(f"****** Clear {PrefectLocalResultDir} ...")
        ClearDirectory(PrefectLocalResultDir)
  
    with Flow("示例: 四则运算") as flow:
        addResult = TaskAdd(2, 1)
        subResult = TaskSubtract(addResult)
        mulResult = TaskMultiply(addResult)
        TaskDivide(subResult, mulResult)
  
    flow.visualize(filename='flow_start', format='png')
    flow_state = flow.run()
    flow.visualize(flow_state=flow_state, filename='flow_end', format='png')

• 运行代码会生成 flow_start.png flow_end.png 两张图片

  poetry run python ./test_prefect.py restart

• flow_start.png
  
• flow_end.png
  
• 颜色代表的状态：https://docs.prefect.io/api/l...
  

本文出自 qbit snap