HTML5提供了一些非常强大的JavaScript和HTML API,来帮助开发者构建精彩的桌面和移动应用程序。本文将介绍5个新型的API,希望对你的开发工作有所帮助。
1. 全屏API(Fullscreen API)
该API允许开发者以编程方式将Web应用程序全屏运行,使Web应用程序更像本地应用程序。
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// 找到适合浏览器的全屏方法
function launchFullScreen(element) {
if (element.requestFullScreen) {
element.requestFullScreen();
} else if (element.mozRequestFullScreen) {
element.mozRequestFullScreen();
} else if (element.webkitRequestFullScreen) {
element.webkitRequestFullScreen();
}
}
// 启动全屏模式
launchFullScreen(document.documentElement); // the whole page
launchFullScreen(document.getElementById( "videoElement" )); // any individual element
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教程 / 演示
2. 页面可见性API(Page Visibility API)
该API可以用来检测页面对于用户的可见性,即返回用户当前浏览的页面或标签的状态变化。
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// 设置隐藏属性和可见改变事件的名称,属性需要加浏览器前缀
// since some browsers only offer vendor-prefixed support
var hidden, state, visibilityChange;
if ( typeof document.hidden !== "undefined" ) {
hidden = "hidden" ;
visibilityChange = "visibilitychange" ;
state = "visibilityState" ;
} else if ( typeof document.mozHidden !== "undefined" ) {
hidden = "mozHidden" ;
visibilityChange = "mozvisibilitychange" ;
state = "mozVisibilityState" ;
} else if ( typeof document.msHidden !== "undefined" ) {
hidden = "msHidden" ;
visibilityChange = "msvisibilitychange" ;
state = "msVisibilityState" ;
} else if ( typeof document.webkitHidden !== "undefined" ) {
hidden = "webkitHidden" ;
visibilityChange = "webkitvisibilitychange" ;
state = "webkitVisibilityState" ;
}
// 添加一个标题改变的监听器
document.addEventListener(visibilityChange, function (e) {
// 开始或停止状态处理
}, false );
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教程 / 演示
3. getUserMedia API
该API允许Web应用程序访问摄像头和麦克风,而无需使用插件。
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// 设置事件监听器
window.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded" , function () {
// 获取元素
var canvas = document.getElementById( "canvas" ),
context = canvas.getContext( "2d" ),
video = document.getElementById( "video" ),
videoObj = { "video" : true },
errBack = function (error) {
console.log( "Video capture error: " , error.code);
};
// 设置video监听器
if (navigator.getUserMedia) { // Standard
navigator.getUserMedia(videoObj, function (stream) {
video.src = stream;
video.play();
}, errBack);
} else if (navigator.webkitGetUserMedia) { // WebKit-prefixed
navigator.webkitGetUserMedia(videoObj, function (stream){
video.src = window.webkitURL.createObjectURL(stream);
video.play();
}, errBack);
}
}, false );
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教程 / 演示
4. 电池API(Battery API)
这是一个针对移动设备应用程序的API,主要用于检测设备电池信息。
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var battery = navigator.battery || navigator.webkitBattery || navigator.mozBattery;
// 电池属性
console.warn( "Battery charging: " , battery.charging); // true
console.warn( "Battery level: " , battery.level); // 0.58
console.warn( "Battery discharging time: " , battery.dischargingTime);
// 添加事件监听器
battery.addEventListener( "chargingchange" , function (e) {
console.warn( "Battery charge change: " , battery.charging);
}, false );
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教程
5. Link Prefetching
预加载网页内容,为浏览者提供一个平滑的浏览体验。
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< link rel = "prefetch" href = " http://davidwalsh.name/css-enhancements-user-experience" />
< link rel = "prefetch" href = " http://davidwalsh.name/wp-content/themes/walshbook3/images/sprite.png" />
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教程
原文: 5 More HTML5 APIs You Didn’t Know Existed