CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)

注意事项

  • 本次使用的是 CentOS7 + MySQL 5.7.32 其他版本的 5.7 MySQL 应该也支持
  • 本次不提供安装包,但提供安装包的下载地址,均为官网下载地址
  • 如果报出权限不足的异常请在涉及到的命令前面加上 sudo,如果无法解决请联系系统管理员分配权限

安装步骤

  1. 去官网下载rpm包,使用命令

    wget \
    https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
    https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    

    为了方便,来下载页面描述一下我们下载了那些 rpm
    CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)_第1张图片

  2. 把他们下载到 CentOS 的 /usr/local/src 目录下,如图显示
    CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)_第2张图片

  3. 然后安装这些安装包,注意有依赖,需要联网
    使用命令:

    yum install -y mysql-community-*-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    

    看到这个画面表示安装成功
    CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)_第3张图片

  4. 开启服务器并初始化密码,使用的命令和命令详解:

    # 开启MySQL服务器
    systemctl start mysqld
    # 查看默认生成的密码
    cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password
    

    生成的密码如下:

    生成的密码
    使用该密码登录本地 MySQL 服务器,使用命令:

    mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p
    

    然后输入以下命令修改默认密码:

    # 设置密码等级
    set global validate_password_length=4;
    set global validate_password_policy=0;
    # 修改默认密码,注意替换后面的密码
    ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '您的密码';
    

    我们退出后发现密码已经设置完成

  5. 设置 root 账户远程登陆(此步骤如果不需要可以跳过),进入到 MySQL 命令行使用命令:

    use `mysql`;
    # 注意将密码替换掉
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '您的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    

    注意开放 3306 端口之后在 window 上远程连接可以成功:

    CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)_第4张图片

  6. 现在我们使用 show variables like 'character%'; 命令查看字符集看到一些字符集默认还是拉丁文,我们需要将他们改成 UTF-8CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)_第5张图片
    我们修改 /etc/my.cnf 文件来修改这个配置,使用命令:

    vim /etc/my.cnf
    

    修改之后:

    # For advice on how to change settings please see
    # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysqld]
    character-set-server=utf8
    #
    # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
    # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
    # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
    #
    # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
    # changes to the binary log between backups.
    # log_bin
    #
    # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
    # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
    # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
    # join_buffer_size = 128M
    # sort_buffer_size = 2M
    # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
    datadir=/var/lib/mysql
    socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
    
    # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    
    log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
    pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    

    重点注意修改部分:

    [client]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysql]
    default-character-set=utf8
    
    [mysqld]
    character-set-server=utf8
    

    使用命令 systemctl restart mysqld 重启MySQL服务器后再查看: CentOS7上安装MySQL 5.7.32(超详细)_第6张图片

好啦,现在 MySQL 5.7.32 已经安装完成了。所有步骤本人亲测,建议三连哦,要不然你就找不到那么好的原创文章了!!!

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