apue.h包头找不到的问题

转自半姜仙 http://blog.csdn.net/yafeng_jiang/article/details/7401532

    在运行《UNIX环境高级编程》中的程序时会遇到apue.h包头找不到的情况，这是作者为了方便程序书写封闭了一些功能函数和错误处理等。在http://www.apuebook.com中可以下载到书的所有的实例代码，解压后为apue.2e。

        我们把apue.2e中的两个文件拷贝到/usr/include中就行了：

(1) apue.h：apue.2e/include/apue.h，我们需要在#endif前面加上#include "error.c"

 /* Our own header, to be included before all standard system headers */

 #ifndef _APUE_H
 #define _APUE_H

 #if defined(SOLARIS)
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE   500 /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 2  for Solaris 9 */
 #define CMSG_LEN(x) _CMSG_DATA_ALIGN(sizeof(struct cmsghdr)+(x))
 #elif !defined(BSD)
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE   600 /* Single UNIX Specification, Version 3 */
 #endif

 #include         /* some systems still require this */
 #include
 #include   /* for winsize */
 #ifndef TIOCGWINSZ
 #include
 #endif
 #include         /* for convenience */
 #include        /* for convenience */
 #include        /* for offsetof */
 #include        /* for convenience */
 #include        /* for convenience */
 #include        /* for SIG_ERR */

 #define MAXLINE 4096            /* max line length */

 /*
  * Default file access permissions for new files.
  */
 #define FILE_MODE   (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)

 /*
  * Default permissions for new directories.
  */
 #define DIR_MODE    (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)

 typedef void    Sigfunc(int);   /* for signal handlers */

 #if defined(SIG_IGN) && !defined(SIG_ERR)
 #define SIG_ERR ((Sigfunc *)-1)
 #endif

 #define min(a,b)    ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
 #define max(a,b)    ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))

 /*
  * Prototypes for our own functions.
  */
 char    *path_alloc(int *);             /* {Prog pathalloc} */
 long     open_max(void);                /* {Prog openmax} */
 void     clr_fl(int, int);              /* {Prog setfl} */
 void     set_fl(int, int);              /* {Prog setfl} */
 void     pr_exit(int);                  /* {Prog prexit} */
 void     pr_mask(const char *);         /* {Prog prmask} */
 Sigfunc *signal_intr(int, Sigfunc *);   /* {Prog signal_intr_function} */

 int      tty_cbreak(int);               /* {Prog raw} */
 int      tty_raw(int);                  /* {Prog raw} */
 int      tty_reset(int);                /* {Prog raw} */
 void     tty_atexit(void);              /* {Prog raw} */
 #ifdef  ECHO    /* only if  has been included */
 struct termios  *tty_termios(void);     /* {Prog raw} */
 #endif

 void     sleep_us(unsigned int);            /* {Ex sleepus} */
 ssize_t  readn(int, void *, size_t);        /* {Prog readn_writen} */
 ssize_t  writen(int, const void *, size_t); /* {Prog readn_writen} */
 void     daemonize(const char *);           /* {Prog daemoninit} */

 int      s_pipe(int *);                 /* {Progs streams_spipe sock_spipe} */
 int      recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int,
                  const void *, size_t));/* {Progs recvfd_streams recvfd_sockets} */
 int      send_fd(int, int);             /* {Progs sendfd_streams sendfd_sockets} */
 int      send_err(int, int,
                   const char *);        /* {Prog senderr} */
 int      serv_listen(const char *);     /* {Progs servlisten_streams servlisten_sockets} */
 int      serv_accept(int, uid_t *);     /* {Progs servaccept_streams servaccept_sockets} */
 int      cli_conn(const char *);        /* {Progs cliconn_streams cliconn_sockets} */
 int      buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int,
                   char **));            /* {Prog bufargs} */

 int      ptym_open(char *, int);    /* {Progs3 ptyopen_streams ptyopen_bsd ptyopen_linux} */
 int      ptys_open(char *);         /* {Progs3 ptyopen_streams ptyopen_bsd ptyopen_linux} */
 #ifdef  TIOCGWINSZ
 pid_t    pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *,
                   const struct winsize *);      /* {Prog ptyfork} */
 #endif

 int     lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t); /* {Prog lockreg} */
 #define read_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 #define readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 #define write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 #define writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))
 #define un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))

 pid_t   lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);     /* {Prog locktest} */

 #define is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             (lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)
 #define is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \
             (lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)

 void    err_dump(const char *, ...);        /* {App misc_source} */
 void    err_msg(const char *, ...);
 void    err_quit(const char *, ...);
 void    err_exit(int, const char *, ...);
 void    err_ret(const char *, ...);
 void    err_sys(const char *, ...);

 void    log_msg(const char *, ...);         /* {App misc_source} */
 void    log_open(const char *, int, int);
 void    log_quit(const char *, ...);
 void    log_ret(const char *, ...);
 void    log_sys(const char *, ...);

 void    TELL_WAIT(void);        /* parent/child from {Sec race_conditions} */
 void    TELL_PARENT(pid_t);
 void    TELL_CHILD(pid_t);
 void    WAIT_PARENT(void);
 void    WAIT_CHILD(void);

 #include "error.c"

 #endif  /* _APUE_H */

(2) error.c：apue.2e/lib/error.c

 #include "apue.h"
 #include         /* for definition of errno */
 #include        /* ISO C variable aruments */

 static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);

 /*
  * Nonfatal error related to a system call.
  * Print a message and return.
  */
 void
 err_ret(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list     ap;

     va_start(ap, fmt);
     err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
 }

 /*
  * Fatal error related to a system call.
  * Print a message and terminate.
  */
 void
 err_sys(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list     ap;

     va_start(ap, fmt);
     err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
     exit(1);
 }

 /*
  * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
  * Error code passed as explict parameter.
  * Print a message and terminate.
  */
 void
 err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list     ap;

     va_start(ap, fmt);
     err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
     exit(1);
 }

 /*
  * Fatal error related to a system call.
  * Print a message, dump core, and terminate.
  */
 void
 err_dump(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list     ap;

     va_start(ap, fmt);
     err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
     abort();        /* dump core and terminate */
     exit(1);        /* shouldn't get here */
 }

 /*
  * Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call.
  * Print a message and return.
  */
 void
 err_msg(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list     ap;

     va_start(ap, fmt);
     err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
 }

 /*
  * Fatal error unrelated to a system call.
  * Print a message and terminate.
  */
 void
 err_quit(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
     va_list     ap;

     va_start(ap, fmt);
     err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);
     va_end(ap);
     exit(1);
 }

 /*
  * Print a message and return to caller.
  * Caller specifies "errnoflag".
  */
 static void
 err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 {
     char    buf[MAXLINE];

     vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);
     if (errnoflag)
         snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s",
           strerror(error));
     strcat(buf, "\n");
     fflush(stdout);     /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */
     fputs(buf, stderr);
     fflush(NULL);       /* flushes all stdio output streams */
 }

至此，环境搭配完成，我们就能放心地运行apue中的实例啦！