JPA框架的学习：

Repository接口讲解：

Repository接口是Spring Data的核心接口，不提供任何方法

public interface Repository {

}

@RepositoryDefinition的使用

 

Repository类的定义：

public interface Repository {

}

Repository是一个空接口，标记接口，没有包含方法声明的接口

如果我们定义的接口extends Repository

若没有继承继承，运行时会报错

添加注解能达到不用extends Repository的功能：

@RepositoryDefinition(domainClass=Employee.class,idClass=Integer.class)

Repository的子接口讲解：

crudRepository：继承Repository，实现了CRUD相关的方法

/*
 * Copyright 2008-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.springframework.data.repository;

import java.util.Optional;

/**
 * Interface for generic CRUD operations on a repository for a specific type.
 *
 * @author Oliver Gierke
 * @author Eberhard Wolff
 */
@NoRepositoryBean
public interface CrudRepository extends Repository {

	/**
	 * Saves a given entity. Use the returned instance for further operations as the save operation might have changed the
	 * entity instance completely.
	 *
	 * @param entity must not be {@literal null}.
	 * @return the saved entity; will never be {@literal null}.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException in case the given {@literal entity} is {@literal null}.
	 */
	 S save(S entity);

	/**
	 * Saves all given entities.
	 *
	 * @param entities must not be {@literal null} nor must it contain {@literal null}.
	 * @return the saved entities; will never be {@literal null}. The returned {@literal Iterable} will have the same size
	 *         as the {@literal Iterable} passed as an argument.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException in case the given {@link Iterable entities} or one of its entities is
	 *           {@literal null}.
	 */
	 Iterable saveAll(Iterable entities);

	/**
	 * Retrieves an entity by its id.
	 *
	 * @param id must not be {@literal null}.
	 * @return the entity with the given id or {@literal Optional#empty()} if none found.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@literal id} is {@literal null}.
	 */
	Optional findById(ID id);

	/**
	 * Returns whether an entity with the given id exists.
	 *
	 * @param id must not be {@literal null}.
	 * @return {@literal true} if an entity with the given id exists, {@literal false} otherwise.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@literal id} is {@literal null}.
	 */
	boolean existsById(ID id);

	/**
	 * Returns all instances of the type.
	 *
	 * @return all entities
	 */
	Iterable findAll();

	/**
	 * Returns all instances of the type {@code T} with the given IDs.
	 * 

	 * If some or all ids are not found, no entities are returned for these IDs.
	 * 

	 * Note that the order of elements in the result is not guaranteed.
	 *
	 * @param ids must not be {@literal null} nor contain any {@literal null} values.
	 * @return guaranteed to be not {@literal null}. The size can be equal or less than the number of given
	 *         {@literal ids}.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException in case the given {@link Iterable ids} or one of its items is {@literal null}.
	 */
	Iterable findAllById(Iterable ids);

	/**
	 * Returns the number of entities available.
	 *
	 * @return the number of entities.
	 */
	long count();

	/**
	 * Deletes the entity with the given id.
	 *
	 * @param id must not be {@literal null}.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException in case the given {@literal id} is {@literal null}
	 */
	void deleteById(ID id);

	/**
	 * Deletes a given entity.
	 *
	 * @param entity must not be {@literal null}.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException in case the given entity is {@literal null}.
	 */
	void delete(T entity);

	/**
	 * Deletes the given entities.
	 *
	 * @param entities must not be {@literal null}. Must not contain {@literal null} elements.
	 * @throws IllegalArgumentException in case the given {@literal entities} or one of its entities is {@literal null}.
	 */
	void deleteAll(Iterable entities);

	/**
	 * Deletes all entities managed by the repository.
	 */
	void deleteAll();
}

PagingAndSortingRepository：继承了CrudRepository，实现了分页排序相关的方法。 

/*
 * Copyright 2008-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.springframework.data.repository;

import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;

/**
 * Extension of {@link CrudRepository} to provide additional methods to retrieve entities using the pagination and
 * sorting abstraction.
 *
 * @author Oliver Gierke
 * @see Sort
 * @see Pageable
 * @see Page
 */
@NoRepositoryBean
public interface PagingAndSortingRepository extends CrudRepository {

	/**
	 * Returns all entities sorted by the given options.
	 *
	 * @param sort
	 * @return all entities sorted by the given options
	 */
	Iterable findAll(Sort sort);

	/**
	 * Returns a {@link Page} of entities meeting the paging restriction provided in the {@code Pageable} object.
	 *
	 * @param pageable
	 * @return a page of entities
	 */
	Page findAll(Pageable pageable);
}

JpaRepository：继承了PagingAndSortingRepository，实现了JPA规范相关的方法

/*
 * Copyright 2008-2020 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.springframework.data.jpa.repository;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

import org.springframework.data.domain.Example;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.query.QueryByExampleExecutor;

/**
 * JPA specific extension of {@link org.springframework.data.repository.Repository}.
 *
 * @author Oliver Gierke
 * @author Christoph Strobl
 * @author Mark Paluch
 */
@NoRepositoryBean
public interface JpaRepository extends PagingAndSortingRepository, QueryByExampleExecutor {

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository#findAll()
	 */
	@Override
	List findAll();

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository#findAll(org.springframework.data.domain.Sort)
	 */
	@Override
	List findAll(Sort sort);

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository#findAll(java.lang.Iterable)
	 */
	@Override
	List findAllById(Iterable ids);

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository#save(java.lang.Iterable)
	 */
	@Override
	 List saveAll(Iterable entities);

	/**
	 * Flushes all pending changes to the database.
	 */
	void flush();

	/**
	 * Saves an entity and flushes changes instantly.
	 *
	 * @param entity
	 * @return the saved entity
	 */
	 S saveAndFlush(S entity);

	/**
	 * Deletes the given entities in a batch which means it will create a single {@link Query}. Assume that we will clear
	 * the {@link javax.persistence.EntityManager} after the call.
	 *
	 * @param entities
	 */
	void deleteInBatch(Iterable entities);

	/**
	 * Deletes all entities in a batch call.
	 */
	void deleteAllInBatch();

	/**
	 * Returns a reference to the entity with the given identifier. Depending on how the JPA persistence provider is
	 * implemented this is very likely to always return an instance and throw an
	 * {@link javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException} on first access. Some of them will reject invalid identifiers
	 * immediately.
	 *
	 * @param id must not be {@literal null}.
	 * @return a reference to the entity with the given identifier.
	 * @see EntityManager#getReference(Class, Object) for details on when an exception is thrown.
	 */
	T getOne(ID id);

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see org.springframework.data.repository.query.QueryByExampleExecutor#findAll(org.springframework.data.domain.Example)
	 */
	@Override
	 List findAll(Example example);

	/*
	 * (non-Javadoc)
	 * @see org.springframework.data.repository.query.QueryByExampleExecutor#findAll(org.springframework.data.domain.Example, org.springframework.data.domain.Sort)
	 */
	@Override
	 List findAll(Example example, Sort sort);
}