> Executing “aircrack-ng --help”
Aircrack-ng 1.6 - (C) 2006-2020 Thomas d'Otreppe
https://www.aircrack-ng.org
usage: aircrack-ng [options]
Common options:
-a : force attack mode (1/WEP, 2/WPA-PSK) //强制攻击模式
-e : target selection: network identifier //目标选择:网络标识符
-b : target selection: access point's MAC //目标选择:通过接入点的MAC
-p : # of CPU to use (default: all CPUs) //使用的CPU数量;默认全部
-q : enable quiet mode (no status output) //启用安静模式(无状态输出)
-C : merge the given APs to a virtual one //将给定的AP合并为虚拟AP
-l : write key to file. Overwrites file. //重写文件,将秘匙写入文件中
Static WEP cracking options: //静态WEP破解选项:
-c : search alpha-numeric characters only
-t : search binary coded decimal chr only
-h : search the numeric key for Fritz!BOX
-d : use masking of the key (A1:XX:CF:YY)
-m : MAC address to filter usable packets
-n : WEP key length : 64/128/152/256/512
-i : WEP key index (1 to 4), default: any
-f : bruteforce fudge factor, default: 2
-k : disable one attack method (1 to 17)
-x or -x0 : disable bruteforce for last keybytes
-x1 : last keybyte bruteforcing (default)
-x2 : enable last 2 keybytes bruteforcing
-X : disable bruteforce multithreading
-y : experimental single bruteforce mode
-K : use only old KoreK attacks (pre-PTW)
-s : show the key in ASCII while cracking
-M : specify maximum number of IVs to use
-D : WEP decloak, skips broken keystreams
-P : PTW debug: 1: disable Klein, 2: PTW
-1 : run only 1 try to crack key with PTW
-V : run in visual inspection mode
WEP and WPA-PSK cracking options:
-w : path to wordlist(s) filename(s)
-N : path to new session filename
-R : path to existing session filename
WPA-PSK options:
-E : create EWSA Project file v3
-I : PMKID string (hashcat -m 16800)
-j : create Hashcat v3.6+ file (HCCAPX)
-J : create Hashcat file (HCCAP)
-S : WPA cracking speed test
-Z : WPA cracking speed test length of
execution.
-r : path to airolib-ng database
(Cannot be used with -w)
SIMD selection:
--simd-list : Show a list of the available
SIMD architectures, for this
machine.
--simd=
> Executing “kismet -h”
usage: kismet [OPTION]
Nearly all of these options are run-time overrides for values in the kismet.conf configuration file. //几乎所有这些选项都是kismet.conf配置文件中值的运行时替代。
Permanent changes should be made to.the configuration file. //应该对配置文件进行永久更改
*** Generic Options ***
-v, --version Show version
--no-console-wrapper Disable server console wrapper //禁用服务器控制台包装器
--no-ncurses-wrapper Disable server console wrapper//禁用服务器控制台包装器
--debug Disable the console wrapper and the crash//禁用控制台包装和崩溃
handling functions, for debugging//处理函数,用于调试
-f, --config-file Use alternate configuration file//使用备用配置文件
--no-line-wrap Turn of linewrapping of output//使用备用配置文件
(for grep, speed, etc)
-s, --silent Turn off stdout output after setup phase//使用备用配置文件
--daemonize Spawn detached in the background//后面的卒子脱离了
--no-plugins Do not load plugins//不要加载插件
--homedir Use an alternate path as the home //使用替代路径作为主路径
directory instead of the user entry//目录而不是用户条目
--confdir Use an alternate path as the base //使用替代路径作为基准
config directory instead of the default //目录而不是默认目录
set at compile time//在编译时设置
--datadir Use an alternate path as the data//使用替代路径作为数据
directory instead of the default set at //目录而不是默认设置为
compile time.//编译时间。
*** Logging Options ***
-T, --log-types Override activated log types//重写激活的日志类型
-t, --log-title Override default log title//重写默认日志标题
-p, --log-prefix Directory to store log files//存储日志文件的目录
-n, --no-logging Disable logging entirely//完全禁用日志记录
*** Device Tracking Options ***
--device-timeout=n Expire devices after N seconds //N 秒后终止设备
# See the README for more information how to define sources; sources take the
# form of:
# source=interface:options
#
# For example to capture from a Wi-Fi interface in Linux you could specify:
source=wlan0mon
#
# or to specify a custom name,
# source=ath9k
#
# Sources may be defined in the config file or on the command line via the
# '-c' option. Sources may also be defined live via the WebUI.
#
# Kismet does not pre-define any sources, permanent sources can be added here
# or in kismet_site.conf
> Executing “pixiewps -h”
Pixiewps 1.4 WPS pixie-dust attack tool
Copyright (c) 2015-2017, wiire
Usage: pixiewps
Required arguments: //必要参数
-e, --pke : Enrollee public key //注册会员公开密码匙
-r, --pkr : Registrar public key //注册主任公开密码匙
-s, --e-hash1 : Enrollee hash-1 // 加入者hash值
-z, --e-hash2 : Enrollee hash-2
-a, --authkey : Authentication session key //认证会话密钥
-n, --e-nonce : Enrollee nonce //新登记
Optional arguments://可选参数:
-m, --r-nonce : Registrar nonce//注册主任
-b, --e-bssid : Enrollee BSSID
-v, --verbosity : Verbosity level 1-3, 1 is quietest [3] //详细程度1-3级,1级最安静
-o, --output : Write output to file //将输出写入文件
-j, --jobs : Number of parallel threads to use [Auto] //使用的线程数
-h : Display this usage screen //显示此用法帮助界面
--help : Verbose help and more usage examples//详细帮助和更多的使用示例
-V, --version : Display version//显示版本
--mode N[,... N] : Mode selection, comma separated [Auto] //模式选择,逗号分隔
--start [mm/]yyyy : Starting date (only mode 3) [+1 day] //开始日期
--end [mm/]yyyy : Ending date (only mode 3) [-1 day] //结束日期
-f, --force : Bruteforce full range (only mode 3) //野兽力全射程
Miscellaneous arguments: //其他参数:
-7, --m7-enc : Recover encrypted settings from M7 (only mode 3) //从 M7恢复加密设置
-5, --m5-enc : Recover secret nonce from M5 (only mode 3) //从 M5中恢复秘密
Example (use --help for more):
pixiewps -e -r -s -z -a -n
--help example
Pixiewps 1.4 WPS pixie-dust attack tool
Copyright (c) 2015-2017, wiire
Description of arguments:
-e, --pke
Enrollee's DH public key, found in M1.
-r, --pkr
Registrar's DH public key, found in M2.
-s, --e-hash1
Enrollee hash-1, found in M3. It's the hash of the first half of the PIN.
-z, --e-hash2
Enrollee hash-2, found in M3. It's the hash of the second half of the PIN.
-a, --authkey
Authentication session key. Although for this parameter a modified version of Reaver or Bully is needed, it can be avoided by specifying small Diffie-Hellman keys in both Reaver and Pixiewps and supplying --e-nonce, --r-nonce and --e-bssid.
[?] pixiewps -e -s -z -S -n -m -b
-n, --e-nonce
Enrollee's nonce, found in M1.
-m, --r-nonce
Registrar's nonce, found in M2. Used with other parameters to compute the session keys.
-b, --e-bssid
Enrollee's BSSID. Used with other parameters to compute the session keys.
-S, --dh-small (deprecated)
Small Diffie-Hellman keys. The same option must be specified in Reaver too. Some Access Points seem to be buggy and don't behave correctly with this option. Avoid using it with Reaver when possible
--mode N[,... N]
Select modes, comma separated (experimental modes are not used unless specified):
1 (RT/MT/CL)
2 (eCos simple)
3 (RTL819x)
4 (eCos simplest) [Experimental]
5 (eCos Knuth) [Experimental]
--start [mm/]yyyy
--end [mm/]yyyy
Starting and ending dates for mode 3. They are interchangeable. If only one is specified, the current time will be used for the other. The earliest possible date is 01/1970, corresponding to 0 (Unix epoch time), the latest is 02/2038, corresponding to 0x7FFFFFFF. If --force is used then pixiewps will start from the current time and go back all the way to 0.
-7, --m7-enc
Encrypted settings, found in M7. Recover Enrollee's WPA-PSK and secret nonce 2. This feature only works on some Access Points vulnerable to mode 3.
[?] pixiewps -e -r -n -m -b -7 --mode 3
-5, --m5-enc
Encrypted settings, found in M5. Recover Enrollee's secret nonce 1. This option must be used in conjunction with --m7-enc. If --e-hash1 and --e-hash2 are also specified, pixiewps will also recover the WPS PIN.
[?] pixiewps -e -r -n -m -b -7 -5 --mode 3
[?] pixiewps -e -r -n -m -b -7 -5 -s -z --mode 3
是 WPS 穷举法的一个新实现,用 c 语言编写。 它在概念上与其他程序相同,因为它利用了 WPS 规范中的(现在众所周知的)设计缺陷。 与原始的 reaver 代码相比,它有几个优点。 其中包括减少依赖项、改进内存和 cpu 性能、正确处理 endianness 以及更健壮的选项集。 它运行在 Linux 上,并且是专门为在嵌入式 Linux 系统(OpenWrt 等)上运行而开发的,无论其体系结构如何。
开源地址:https://gitlab.com/kalilinux/packages/bully/
说明
参数说明
usage: bully \ interface
Required arguments:
interface : Wireless interface in monitor mode (root required)
-b, --bssid macaddr : MAC address of the target access point
Or
-e, --essid string : Extended SSID for the access point
Optional arguments:
-c, --channel N[,N...] : Channel number of AP, or list to hop [b/g]
-i, --index N : Starting pin index (7 or 8 digits) [Auto]
-l, --lockwait N : Seconds to wait if the AP locks WPS [43]
-o, --outfile file : Output file for messages [stdout]
-p, --pin N : Starting pin number (7 or 8 digits) [Auto]
-s, --source macaddr : Source (hardware) MAC address [Probe]
-u, --lua : Lua script file
-v, --verbosity N : Verbosity level 1-3, 1 is quietest [3]
-w, --workdir path : Location of pin/session files [~/.bully/]
-5, --5ghz : Hop on 5GHz a/n default channel list [No]
-B, --bruteforce : Bruteforce the WPS pin checksum digit [No]
-F, --force : Force continue in spite of warnings [No]
-S, --sequential : Sequential pins (do not randomize) [No]
-T, --test : Test mode (do not inject any packets) [No]
Advanced arguments:
-d, --pixiewps : Attempt to use pixiewps [No]
-g, --genpin N : Pin Generator [1] D-Link [2] Belkin [0]
-a, --acktime N : Deprecated/ignored [Auto]
-r, --retries N : Resend packets N times when not acked [2]
-m, --m13time N : Deprecated/ignored [Auto]
-t, --timeout N : Deprecated/ignored [Auto]
-1, --pin1delay M[,N] : Delay M seconds every Nth nack at M5 [0,1]
-2, --pin2delay M[,N] : Delay M seconds every Nth nack at M7 [5,1]
-A, --noacks : Disable ACK check for sent packets [No]
-C, --nocheck : Skip CRC/FCS validation (performance) [No]
-D, --detectlock : Detect WPS lockouts unreported by AP [No]
-E, --eapfail : EAP Failure terminate every exchange [No]
-L, --lockignore : Ignore WPS locks reported by the AP [No]
-M, --m57nack : M5/M7 timeouts treated as WSC_NACK's [No]
-N, --nofcs : Packets don't contain the FCS field [Auto]
-P, --probe : Use probe request for nonbeaconing AP [No]
-Q, --wpsinfo : Use probe request to gather WPS info [No]
-R, --radiotap : Assume radiotap headers are present [Auto]
-W, --windows7 : Masquerade as a Windows 7 registrar [No]
-Z, --suppress : Suppress packet throttling algorithm [No]
-V, --version : Print version info and exit
-h, --help : Display this help information
参数详细介绍
-c, --channel N[,N...]
Channel number, or comma separated list of channels to hop on. Some AP's will switch
channels periodically. This option allows bully to reacquire an AP and continue an attack
without intervention. Note that using channel hopping will typically slow an attack,
especially when the AP's signal is weak, because time is spent scanning channels instead
of testing pins. If no channel is provided, bully will hop on all channels.
-i, --index N
This is the index of the starting pin number in the randomized pin file. This option is
not valid when running bully in sequential pin search mode. This is typically handled
for you automatically, i.e. an interrupted session will resume after the last pin that
was successfully tested. Note that when less than 7 digits (8 digits if -B is active) are
given, zeroes are padded on the left.
-l, --lockwait N
Number of seconds to wait when an AP locks WPS. Most AP's will lock out for 5 minutes, so
the default value is 43 seconds. This will cause bully to sleep 7 times during a lockout
period for a total of 301 seconds.
-o, --output file
By default, messages are printed to the standard output. Use this option to send output
to the specified file instead.
-p, --pin N
This is the starting pin number. Use of this option results in a sequential pin search
starting at the given pin. This is typically handled for you automatically, i.e. an
interrupted session will resume after the last pin that was successfully tested. Note
that when less than 7 digits (8 digits if -B is active) are given, zeroes are padded on
the left.
-s, --source macaddr
The source MAC address to embed in packets sent to the AP. Not all wireless cards can be
used to spoof the source MAC address like this, but the option is provided for chipsets
that allow it. When not provided, the wireless interface is probed to retrieve the MAC.
-v, --verbosity N
Verbosity level. 1 is the quietest, displaying only unrecoverable error information. Level
3 displays the most information, and is best used to determine exactly what is happening
during a session.
-w, --workdir path
Working directory, where randomized pins and session files are stored. Session files are
created in this directory based on the BSSID of the access point. Only one set of randomized
pins is created, and is used for all sessions. If you want to regenerate the pin file, simply
delete it from this directory; however incomplete runs that used the deleted file will not
be restartable. The default directory is ~/.bully/
-5, --5ghz
Use 5 GHz (a/n) channels instead of 2.54 GHz (b/g) channels. Untested.
-B, --bruteforce
Bruteforce the WPS pin checksum digit rather than calculating it according to the WPS
specification. Some AP's use a non-compliant checksum in an attempt to evade attacks from
compliant software. Use of this option can result in a ten-fold increase in the time it
takes to discover the second portion of the pin, and should only be used when necessary.
-F, --force
In certain scenarios bully will print a warning message and exit. This typically indicates that
it is being used in a manner that is questionable for most users. Advanced users and developers
can force continuance with this option.
-S, --sequential
By default, pins are randomized. This options allows pins to be tested sequentially.
-T, --test
Test mode. No packets are injected. Can be used to validate arguments, determine if an
access point is visible and has WPS enabled, generate a randomized pin file, or create a
session file for the access point.
-d, --pixiewps
The -d option performs an offline attack, Pixie Dust (pixiewps),
by automatically passing the PKE, PKR, E-Hash1, E-Hash2, E-Nonce and Authkey.
pixiewps will then try to attack Ralink, Broadcom and Realtek chipsets.
-g, --genpin N
This is a pin generator for either [1] D-Link or [2] Belkin
routers which uses a known vulnerability names "pingen attack".
-a, --acktime N
Deprecated. Packet timings are throttled automatically. Will be removed in future revision.
-r, --retries N
How many times do we resend packets when they aren't acknowledged? Default is 3. The idea is to
make a best effort to ensure the AP receives every packet we send, rather than have transactions
fail and restart due to a missed packet.
-m, --m13time N
Deprecated. Packet timings are throttled automatically. Will be removed in future revision.
-t, --timeout N
Deprecated. Packet timings are throttled automatically. Will be removed in future revision.
-1, --pin1delay M[,N]
Delay M seconds for every Nth NACK at M5. The default is 0,1 (no delay). Some access points
get overwhelmed by too many successive WPS transactions, and can even crash if we don't dial
things back a bit. This is the delay period to use during the first half of the pin.
-2, --pin2delay M[,N]
Delay M seconds for every Nth NACK at M7. The default is 0,1 (no delay). Some access points
handle transactions through M4 easily, only to fall down on too many successive M6 messages.
This is the delay period to use during the second half of the pin.
-A, --noacks
Turn off acknowledgement processing for all sent packets. Useful if you are sure the AP is
receiving packets even though bully can't see acknowledgements. You might need this for a USB
wifi adapter that processes acknowledgements and drops them before libpcap ever sees them.
-C, --nocheck
Turn off frame check sequence processing. We can improve performance somewhat by making the
dubious assumption that all packets we receive are valid. See also --nofcs below.
-D, --detectlock
Certain access points do not indicate that they have locked WPS in their beacon IE tags, but
summarily ignore all WPS transactions for a period of time. With this option, we can detect the
condition and sleep for --lockdelay seconds before resuming. In the interests of remaining
undetected, there is no point in broadcasting 5 minutes worth of unanswered EAP START messages.
-E, --eapfail
Send EAP FAIL messages after each transaction. Some AP's get confused when they don't see this.
-L, --lockignore
Ignore WPS lock conditions reported in beacon information elements (don't sleep).
-M, --m57nack
Treat M5 and M7 timeouts as NACK's, for those access points that don't send them but instead
drop the transaction. When using this option you will probably want to increase the --timeout
value, so that bully doesn't incorrectly assume a pin is incorrect due to a delayed message.
-N, --nofcs
Some wireless hardware will have done the work of checking and stripping the FCS from packets
already. Bully usually detects this and adjusts accordingly, but the option is here if you need
to force it.
-P, --probe
Bully uses beacons to examine the WPS state of an access point. For nonbeaconing AP's, send
directed probe requests and use the resulting probe responses instead. Requires --essid.
-Q, --wpsinfo
Gather WPS info by using probe request(s) against a target.
May reveal chipset manufacturer, WPS version and other geeky stats.
-R, --radiotap
Assume radiotap headers are present in received packets. This is useful in cases where presence
of radiotap headers is incorrectly reported or detected.
-Z, --suppress
Suppress automatic timimg algorithm and instead use default timings for received packets. NOT
RECOMMENDED.
-W, --windows7
Masquerade as a Windows 7 registrar.
-V, --version
Print version information to standard output and exit.
-h, --help
Display onscreen help.
FineReport使用中遇到的常见报错及解决办法(一)
这里写点抛砖引玉,希望大家能把自己整理的问题及解决方法晾出来,Mark一下,利人利己。
出现问题先搜一下文档上有没有,再看看度娘有没有,再看看论坛有没有。有报错要看日志。下面简单罗列下常见的问题,大多文档上都有提到的。
1、address pool is full:
含义:地址池满,连接数超过并发数上
原文:http://kindlefireforkid.com/how-to-setup-a-google-account-on-amazon-fire-tablet/
Step 4: Run ADB command from your PC
On the PC, you need install Amazon Fire ADB driver and instal
本文译者:candeladiao,原文:URL filtering for UIWebView on the iPhone说明:译者在做app开发时,因为页面的javascript文件比较大导致加载速度很慢,所以想把javascript文件打包在app里,当UIWebView需要加载该脚本时就从app本地读取,但UIWebView并不支持加载本地资源。最后从下文中找到了解决方法,第一次翻译,难免有