使用Tornado作为Django App的WSGI容器

一个应用例子：

#!/usr/bin/env python
#*_* coding=utf8 *_*

import os
import sys
import logging

from tornado.options import options, define, parse_command_line
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
# use get_wsgi_application
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

import tornado.httpserver
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import tornado.wsgi

sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = "cmdb.settings"

define('port', type=int, default=8000)
#www.iplaypy.com

def main():
    parse_command_line()

    #wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(
    #    django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler())

    wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(get_wsgi_application())

    tornado_app = tornado.web.Application(
        [('.*', tornado.web.FallbackHandler, dict(fallback=wsgi_app)),
        ])
    server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(tornado_app)
    server.listen(options.port)
    logging.warn("[CMDB] CMDB is running on: localhost:%d", options.port)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

扩展阅读：

如何使用tornado运行Django

http://www.iplaypy.com/code/other/o2428.html
简介：

玩蛇网的一个简单示例。

#*_* coding=utf8 *_*
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
  
from tornado.options import options, define, parse_command_line
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
import tornado.httpserver
import tornado.ioloop
import tornado.web
import tornado.wsgi
  
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = "settings"
  
define('port', type=int, default=8088)
#www.iplaypy.com
  
def main():
    parse_command_line()
  
    wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(
        django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler())
  
    tornado_app = tornado.web.Application(
        [('.*', tornado.web.FallbackHandler, dict(fallback=wsgi_app)),
        ])
    server = tornado.httpserver.HTTPServer(tornado_app)
    server.listen(options.port)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
  
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

使用Tornado作为Django App的服务器

http://blog.csdn.net/fancyyuan/article/details/49383575
简介：

CSDN 上的一篇博客。

这篇比较靠谱，使用

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(get_wsgi_application())
代替

wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(
django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler())

在生产系统使用Tornado WebServer来代替FastCGI加速你的Django应用

http://www.cnblogs.com/Alexander-Lee/archive/2011/05/02/tornado_host_django.html
简介：
介绍比较全面，但还是使用了

wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(
django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler())

django 源码分析：

django 工程中的wsgi.py

filename: wsgi.py

WSGI config for cmdb project.

It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/deployment/wsgi/
"""

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "cmdb.settings")

application = get_wsgi_application()

django 源码中的wsgi.py

filename: django/core/wsgi.py

import django
from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler


def get_wsgi_application():
    """
    The public interface to Django's WSGI support. Should return a WSGI
    callable.

    Allows us to avoid making django.core.handlers.WSGIHandler public API, in
    case the internal WSGI implementation changes or moves in the future.
    """
    django.setup(set_prefix=False)
    return WSGIHandler()

常见问题及解决

问题：

[E 170723 03:39:28 web:1590] Uncaught exception GET /cmdb/api/property_list/item_testaa/ (172.28.32.51)
    HTTPServerRequest(protocol='http', host='cmdb-test.syswin.com', method='GET', uri='/cmdb/api/property_list/item_testaa/', version='HTTP/1
.0', remote_ip='172.28.32.51', headers={'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en;q=0.6', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Host': 'cmdb-test.
syswin.com', 'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*', 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_11_5) AppleWebKit/537.36
 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/59.0.3071.115 Safari/537.36', 'Connection': 'close', 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest', 'Pragma': 'no-cache',
'Cache-Control': 'no-cache', 'Referer': 'http://cmdb-test.syswin.com/', 'Cookie': 'PROD=cZsaLhqoGI7WTnpqhIb5c7fK3u; ExpirePage=http://ehrkj.s
yswin.com/psp/ps/; PS_LOGINLIST=http://ehrkj.syswin.com/ps; PS_TOKEN=AAAApQECAwQAAQAAAAACvAAAAAAAAAAsAARTaGRyAgBObQgAOAAuADEAMBQgZjqFU3EEy1ac
XaEUspfkaaetzgAAAGUABVNkYXRhWXicHYxRDkAwEERfEV/iJpq2qPQC4lPUlx8ncEOHM7WbvJ3JTBZ4TFU3GDTVW9gRcdqAJ7RcbOSenczKyS17TAqd4oVBt9CTfj1imeWsGkmMYnnkp
T5Angr6; SignOnDefault=600212; http%3a%2f%2fehrkj.syswin.com%2fpsp%2fps%2femployee%2fhrms%2frefresh=list:%20%3Ftab%3Dhc_ux_manager_dashboard%
7C%3Frp%3Dhc_ux_manager_dashboard%7C%3Ftab%3Dremoteunifieddashboard%7C%3Frp%3Dremoteunifieddashboard; PS_TOKENEXPIRE=19_Jul_2017_02:46:17_GMT
'})
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tornado/web.py", line 1488, in _execute
        result = self.prepare()
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tornado/web.py", line 2774, in prepare
        self.fallback(self.request)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/tornado/wsgi.py", line 277, in __call__
        WSGIContainer.environ(request), start_response)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 189, in __call__
        response = self.get_response(request)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 218, in get_response
        response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 268, in handle_uncaught_exception
        return callback(request, **param_dict)

      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/decorators.py", line 110, in _wrapped_view
        response = view_func(request, *args, **kwargs)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/defaults.py", line 42, in server_error
        template = loader.get_template(template_name)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loader.py", line 35, in get_template
        return engine.get_template(template_name, dirs)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/backends/django.py", line 30, in get_template
        return Template(self.engine.get_template(template_name, dirs))
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/engine.py", line 167, in get_template
        template, origin = self.find_template(template_name, dirs)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/engine.py", line 141, in find_template
        source, display_name = loader(name, dirs)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loaders/base.py", line 13, in __call__
        return self.load_template(template_name, template_dirs)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loaders/base.py", line 17, in load_template
        template_name, template_dirs)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loaders/app_directories.py", line 36, in load_template_source
        for filepath in self.get_template_sources(template_name, template_dirs):
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/loaders/app_directories.py", line 26, in get_template_sources
        template_dirs = get_app_template_dirs('templates')
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/lru_cache.py", line 125, in wrapper
        result = user_function(*args, **kwds)
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/utils.py", line 122, in get_app_template_dirs
        for app_config in apps.get_app_configs():
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 137, in get_app_configs
        self.check_apps_ready()
      File "/root/.virtualenvs/py2.7.13mpc_cmdb/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 124, in check_apps_ready
        raise AppRegistryNotReady("Apps aren't loaded yet.")
    AppRegistryNotReady: Apps aren't loaded yet.
[E 170723 03:39:28 web:2063] 500 GET /cmdb/api/property_list/item_testaa/ (172.28.32.51) 4.30ms

解决：
使用tornado启动django的写法主要有2种。

1. 使用get_wsgi_application()
   from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
   wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(get_wsgi_application())
2. 使用django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
   wsgi_app = tornado.wsgi.WSGIContainer(
   django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler())
   使用方法2可能有问题，出现类似AppRegistryNotReady: Apps aren't loaded yet.的问题。推荐的写法为get_wsgi_application()

未解决问题

1. 虽然get_wsgi_application() 被推荐使用，但是还是不明白为什么 WSGIHandler() 用不了。