详解Maven 构建SpringMVC4.0
准备使用maven构建一个SpringMVC4.0的项目，苦于网上没有现成的资料，于是自己摸索着写了这样一份文档，分享给大家，也给自己留作参考
1.maven插件的安装，参考《maven实战》，其中有详细的安装步骤详解，链接里有扫描的pdf，仅供参考学习 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jGhMF0i
2.创建maven项目，New->Project->Maven Project，默认下一步
创建一个webapp项目
填写GroupId和ArtifactId
项目结构如图：
直接进入workspace，向物理目录src中添加main/java,test/java.test/resource文件夹，eclipse F5刷新目录，如果目录显示不全，BuildPath->Source->Add Folder添加对应的目录
最终目录结构如图所示：
点击控制台problem，提示错误为：
*Description Resource Path Location Type
The superclass “javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet” was not found on the Java Build Path index.jsp /MavenDemo/src/main/webapp line 1 JSP Problem*
BuildPath添加位于tomcat目录下lib中的servlet-api.jar即可
3.完成pom.xml,配置参数版本，jar包依赖，构建环境，为下一步准备，直接下载了mybatis的jar包
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
<groupId>mavengroupId>
<artifactId>MavenDemo2artifactId>
<packaging>warpackaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
<name>MavenDemo2 Maven Webappname>
<url>http://maven.apache.orgurl>
<properties>
<spring.version>4.0.6.RELEASEspring.version>
<junit.version>4.11junit.version>
<jdk.version>1.8jdk.version>
properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-beansartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-expressionartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-txartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
<version>4.0.6.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
<version>1.7.6version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>
<version>1.7.5version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guavagroupId>
<artifactId>guavaartifactId>
<version>18.0.0version>
<type>pom.lastUpdatedtype>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-langgroupId>
<artifactId>commons-langartifactId>
<version>2.6version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileuploadgroupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileuploadartifactId>
<version>1.2.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jacksongroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-aslartifactId>
<version>1.9.4version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-coreartifactId>
<version>2.1.0version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotationsartifactId>
<version>2.4.6version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.coregroupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databindartifactId>
<version>2.1.0version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
<version>3.2.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId>
<version>1.2.2version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-bootartifactId>
<version>1.2.4.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigureartifactId>
<version>1.2.4.RELEASEversion>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponentsgroupId>
<artifactId>httpclientartifactId>
<version>4.3.4version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponentsgroupId>
<artifactId>httpcomponents-coreartifactId>
<version>4.3version>
<type>pomtype>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
<artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
<version>1.2.5version>
dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId>
<version>3.1.0version>
<scope>providedscope>
dependency>
dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
<version>3.1version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8source>
<target>1.8target>
configuration>
plugin>
plugins>
<finalName>MavenDemofinalName>
build>
project>
项目右键，Maven->Update Project,构建项目所需的jar包
4.配置web.xml，打开位于src/mian/webapp/web-inf路径下的web.xml，配置如下：
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xmlparam-value>
context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListenerlistener-class>
listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encodingparam-name>
<param-value>UTF-8param-value>
init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncodingparam-name>
<param-value>trueparam-value>
init-param>
filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
<url-pattern>*.dourl-pattern>
filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
<url-pattern>*.jspurl-pattern>
filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>appServletservlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xmlparam-value>
init-param>
<load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>appServletservlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.dourl-pattern>
servlet-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKeyparam-name>
<param-value>webapp.root2param-value>
context-param>
web-app>
5.在web-inf目录下创建applicationContext.xml，其配置如下：
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<bean
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zzq.*" />
beans>6.新建目录结构如下：
servlet-context.xml:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.ResourceHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.FormHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" />
mvc:message-converters>
mvc:annotation-driven>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
bean>
<context:component-scan base-package="com" />
<context:annotation-config />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping">bean>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
beans>
root-context.xml:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
beans>
7.测试框架
测试文件结构如图：
在controller中使用了@RestController，@ModelAttribute两个4.0的注解。以下是详细实现。
TestController：
package com.zzq.controller;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zzq.model.User;
@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/api_cat")
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/add")
public ModelAndView save(@ModelAttribute User user,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
System.out.println(user.getId()+":"+user.getName());
Map map=new HashMap();
map.put("id", user.getId());
map.put("name", user.getName());
return new ModelAndView("test", "apiver", map);
}
}
model User：
package com.zzq.model;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
index.jsp:
<html>
<body>
<h2>Add Bookh2>
<form method="post" action="api_cat/add.do">
id:<input type="text" name="id" >
name:<input type="text" name="name" >
<input type="submit" value="Add">
<a href="book.do?method=test">testa>
form>
body>
html>
test.jsp:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title heretitle>
head>
<body>
ID : ${apiver.id} <br />
Name : ${apiver.name}
body>
html>maven install后，将项目部署到tomcat上即可访问。
特别注意，执行maven install命令时，可能会出现以下异常：
Cannot change version of project facet Dynamic Web Module to 3.0.
这个异常是由于项目版本问题引起的，解决办法是：修改项目.setting目录下的org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml文件，将其中的
<installed facet="jst.web" version="3.0"/>一项修改为3.0
配置到这里，整个项目环境就基本搭建完成了，数据持久层我准备使用mybatis来实现，实现后再贴上来，我在搭建环境的过程中也是遇到问题解决问题，所以肯定有一些逻辑混乱和表达不清。如果按照文档实现起来遇到问题，欢迎讨论。如果我的实现办法不周到，欢迎指教。