http url 字符编码与解码

参考

URL参数中有中文的处理
js对url进行编码和解码（三种方式区别）
URL地址中的中文乱码问题的解决
Url中Json数据处理
C语言实现UrlEncode编码/UrlDecode解码
C语言 HTTP中的chunked解码实现
Base64 编解码C语言实现
c语言的url转码解码
什么是Base64算法

url javascript

方法

1. escape不编码0-9[a-Z] $ - _ . + ! * ' ( )，以及某些保留字，对url整体进行编码
2. encodeURI不编码! @ # $ & * ( ) = : / ; ? + '
3. encodeURIComponent同encodeURI，这种方法只对url的一部分进行编码

测试

在表单中传递json，采用escape和unescape，

  methods: {
    onSubmit () {
      console.log('log: ' + JSON.stringify(this.form))
      this.$http.get('api/cgi-bin/helloworld.cgi?json=' + escape(JSON.stringify(this.form))
      ).then((response) => {
        console.info(unescape(response.body))
      }, (response) => {
        console.error(response)
      })
    }
  }

采用encodeURIComponent和decodeURIComponent

  methods: {
    onSubmit () {
      console.log('log: ' + JSON.stringify(this.form))
      this.$http.get('api/cgi-bin/helloworld.cgi?json=' + encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(this.form))
      ).then((response) => {
        console.info(decodeURIComponent(response.body))
      }, (response) => {
        console.error(response)
      })
    }
  }

效果，

url c语言

方法

参考一下代码，

#include 
#include 
 
#define BUFSIZE 2048
 
int hex2dec(char c)
{
    if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
    {
        return c - '0';
    }
    else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'f')
    {
        return c - 'a' + 10;
    }
    else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'F')
    {
        return c - 'A' + 10;
    }
    else
    {
        return -1;
    }
}
 
char dec2hex(short int c)
{
    if (0 <= c && c <= 9)
    {
        return c + '0';
    }
    else if (10 <= c && c <= 15)
    {
        return c + 'A' - 10;
    }
    else
    {
        return -1;
    }
}

void urlencode(char url[])
{
    int i = 0;
    int len = strlen(url);
    int res_len = 0;
    char res[BUFSIZE];
    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
    {
        char c = url[i];
        if (    ('0' <= c && c <= '9') ||
                ('a' <= c && c <= 'z') ||
                ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z') ||
                c == '/' || c == '.')
        {
            res[res_len++] = c;
        }
        else
        {
            int j = (short int)c;
            if (j < 0)
                j += 256;
            int i1, i0;
            i1 = j / 16;
            i0 = j - i1 * 16;
            res[res_len++] = '%';
            res[res_len++] = dec2hex(i1);
            res[res_len++] = dec2hex(i0);
        }
    }
    res[res_len] = '\0';
    strcpy(url, res);
}

void urldecode(char url[])
{
    int i = 0;
    int len = strlen(url);
    int res_len = 0;
    char res[BUFSIZE];
    for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
    {
        char c = url[i];
        if (c != '%')
        {
            res[res_len++] = c;
        }
        else
        {
            char c1 = url[++i];
            char c0 = url[++i];
            int num = 0;
            num = hex2dec(c1) * 16 + hex2dec(c0);
            res[res_len++] = num;
        }
    }
    res[res_len] = '\0';
    strcpy(url, res);
}

测试

编写cgi，

  fprintf(cgiOut, "Content-type:text/html\n\n");

  szGet = getenv("QUERY_STRING");
  if (szGet != NULL && strlen(szGet) > 0) {
    fprintf(cgiOut, "%s\n", szGet);
    fp = fopen("api.json", "w+");
    if (!fp) {
      fprintf(cgiOut, "fopen failed\n");
    }
    cgiFormString("json", json, 256);
    urldecode(json);
    if (fp)
      fprintf(fp, "%s\n", json);
    urlencode(json);
    fprintf(cgiOut, "cgi-json: ");
    cgiHtmlEscape(json);
    if (fp)
      fclose(fp);
  }

浏览器，

打开api.json，

base64