Spring Cloud Stream 消息驱动 RabbitMQ 基础使用

项目的快速搭建参照官方 Creating a Sample Application by Using Spring Initializr

RabbitMQ环境使用

RabbitMQ部署在DockerSwarm集群

加入依赖

      
            org.springframework.cloud
            spring-cloud-stream
        

再选择Kafka或RabbitMQ

• Kafka
• RabbitMQ
  比如我选择RabbitMQ，那么我项目的pom

        
            org.springframework.boot
            spring-boot-starter-amqp
        
        
            org.springframework.cloud
            spring-cloud-stream
        
        
            org.springframework.cloud
            spring-cloud-stream-binder-rabbit
        

消息处理

修改启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
public class RabbitmqStreamExampleApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RabbitmqStreamExampleApplication.class, args);
    }

    @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
    public void handle(Person person) {
        System.out.println("Received: " + person);
    }

    public static class Person {
        private String name;
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
        public String toString() {
            return this.name;
        }
    }
}

• @EnableBinding(Sink.class) 是绑定一个输入通道，Sink是提供的开箱即用的输入通道
• @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT) 监听输入进来的消息

Sink的源码

public interface Sink {
    String INPUT = "input";

    @Input("input")
    SubscribableChannel input();
}

试试从RabbitMQ手动发消息

先启动项目，启动前配置一下rabbitmq连接

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-stream-example
  rabbitmq:
    host: 172.16.10.172
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
server:
  port: 8080

启动项目
启动日志中有rabbitmq的连接及注册通道的信息

Initializing ExecutorService 'taskScheduler'
Registering MessageChannel input
Registering MessageChannel nullChannel
Registering MessageChannel errorChannel
Registering MessageHandler errorLogger
Channel 'rabbitmq-stream-example.input' has 1 subscriber(s).
Adding {logging-channel-adapter:_org.springframework.integration.errorLogger} as a subscriber to the 'errorChannel' channel
Channel 'rabbitmq-stream-example.errorChannel' has 1 subscriber(s).
started _org.springframework.integration.errorLogger
declaring queue for inbound: input.anonymous._RE-Zx6tQKWHDKGfc0NV9g, bound to: input
Attempting to connect to: [172.16.10.172:5672]
Created new connection: rabbitConnectionFactory#e72dba7:0/SimpleConnection@5f303ecd [delegate=amqp://[email protected]:5672/, localPort= 55249]
Registering MessageChannel input.anonymous._RE-Zx6tQKWHDKGfc0NV9g.errors
Channel 'rabbitmq-stream-example.input.anonymous._RE-Zx6tQKWHDKGfc0NV9g.errors' has 1 subscriber(s).
Channel 'rabbitmq-stream-example.input.anonymous._RE-Zx6tQKWHDKGfc0NV9g.errors' has 2 subscriber(s).
started inbound.input.anonymous._RE-Zx6tQKWHDKGfc0NV9g
Started RabbitmqStreamExampleApplication in 2.376 seconds (JVM running for 3.764)

查看Rabbitmq的queue

input.anonymous._RE-Zx6tQKWHDKGfc0NV9g

手动发消息

{"name":"Sam Spade"}

发送消息

查看控制台，已接收到消息

控制台结果

应用模型

SCSt-with-binder.png

应用程序能过Spring Cloud Stream注入的input和output与外界的连通是通过Binder实现，Spring Cloud Stream 提供了 Kafka和 RabbitMQ的Binder实现。

给消费者分组 spring.cloud.stream.bindings..group

举个例子，假如只有一个消息生产者和一个消费者，消息能正常处理，在微服中可能一个消费者会有多个实例，一个消息会被多个实例处理，这样就出现了消息重复的问题，给消费者分组之后，一个消费者的多个实例中只会有一个实例处理消息

spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-stream-example
  rabbitmq:
    host: 172.16.10.172
    port: 5672
    username: guest
    password: guest
  cloud:
    stream:
      bindings:
        input:
          destination: mqtestDefault # 指定了消息获取的目的地，对应于MQ就是 exchange，这里的exchange就是 mqTestDefault
          group: user-channel
        output:
          destination: mqtestDefault
          contentType: text/plain

server:
  port: 8080

项目改造
启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding(Source.class)
public class RabbitmqStreamExampleApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RabbitmqStreamExampleApplication.class, args);
    }

}

创建一个消息监听 SinkMsgRecvicer

@EnableBinding(Sink.class)
public class SinkMsgRecvicer {

    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SinkMsgRecvicer.class);

    @StreamListener(Sink.INPUT)
    public void msg(String value) {
        logger.info("Recvicer : {}", value);
    }
}

写一个测试的TestController
需要增加web依赖

@RestController
public class TestController {

    @Autowired
    Source source;

    @RequestMapping("/send")
    public String send(String name) {
        source.output().send(MessageBuilder.withPayload("send to : " + name).build());

        return "发送成功 " + name;
    }
}

启动项目 访问 http://localhost:8080/send?name=liangwang
控制台会有输出

 Recvicer : send to : liangwang

RabbitMq Exchanges

待续。。。

源码 rabbitmq-stream-example
官方文档 Elmhurst.RELEASE