数据结构学习_01二叉树的三种遍历方式

1、二叉树遍历主要三种遍历 :

1、先序遍历;
2、中序遍历;
3、后序遍历;

2、三种遍历方式的流程 :

先序遍历

中序遍历

后序遍历

3、递归三种遍历方式

基础代码

public class TreeNode {
    public TreeNode left;
    public TreeNode right;
    public String name;
}

3.1 先序遍历

public void preOrderTraversal(TreeNode node) {
    if (node != null){
        System.out.println(node.name);
        preOrderTraversal(node.left);
        preOrderTraversal(node.right);
    }
}

3.2 中序遍历

public void preOrderTraversal(TreeNode node) {
    if (node != null){
        System.out.println(node.name);
        preOrderTraversal(node.left);
        preOrderTraversal(node.right);
    }
}

3.3 后序遍历

public void preOrderTraversal(TreeNode node) {
    if (node != null){
        System.out.println(node.name);
        preOrderTraversal(node.left);
        preOrderTraversal(node.right);
    }
}

4、代码实现三种遍历方式(非递归) :

基础代码

public class Stack {
    private List treeNodes = new ArrayList<>();

    public void push(TreeNode node) {
        treeNodes.add(node);
    }

    public TreeNode pop(){
        TreeNode node = treeNodes.get(treeNodes.size()-1);
        treeNodes.remove(node);
        return node;
    }

    public boolean isEmpty() {
        return treeNodes.isEmpty();
    }
}

4.1 先序遍历

public void preOrderTraversal(TreeNode node) {
    Stack stack = new Stack();
    while(true) {
        while(node != null) {
            System.out.println(node.name);
            stack.push(node);
            node = node.left;
        } 
        if(stack.isEmpty()) {
            break;
        }
        node = stack.pop();
        node = node.right;
    }
}

4.2 中序遍历

public void inOrderTraversal(TreeNode node) {
    Stack stack = new Stack();
    while(true) {
        while(node != null) {
            stack.push(node);
            node = node.left;
        }
        if(stack.isEmpty()) {
            break;
        }
        node = stack.pop();
        System.out.println(node.name);
        node = node.right;
    }
}

4.3 后序遍历

public void postOrderTraversal(TreeNode node) {
    Stack stack = new Stack();
    while(true) {
        while(node != null) {
            stack.push(node);
            node = node.left;
        }
        if(stack.isEmpty()) {
            break;
        }
        node = stack.pop();
        if (node.right == null){
            System.out.println(node.name);
        }
        node = node.right;  
    }
}

先序遍历的一种思路.png

中序遍历.png

后序遍历.png