《刻意练习》摘录03

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1.One of the major challenges facing anyone trying to apply the principles of deliberate practice is figuring out exactly what the best performers do that sets them apart.
中文：
所有设法运用刻意练习原则的人都面临一个重大挑战，那便是：要准确地判断最杰出人物做了些什么，使得他们在普通人中间“鹤立鸡群”。

2.In short, this sort of training with immediate feedback-either from a mentor or even a carefully designed computer program-can be an incredibly powerful way to improve performance.
中文：
简单地讲，这种用即时反馈（要么是由导师提出的，要么是由精心设计的电脑程序来提供的）来强化的练习，可以成为提高绩效的强大方法，强大到令人难以置信。

3.When you look at how people are trained in the professional and business worlds, you find a tendency to focus on knowledge at expense of skills. The main reasons are tradition and convenience: it is much easier to present knowledge to a large group of people than it is to set up conditions under which individuals can develop skills through practice.
中文：
当你观察人们在职业领域和商业世界中如何接受训练时，会发现一种趋势：不重技能，过于重视知识。主要的原因是传统和方便：向一群人介绍知识，比起创造条件让人们可以通过练习来提升技能，要容易得多。

4.As is the case in so many situations, once you have figured out the right question to ask, you are halfway to the right answer. And when referring to improving performance in a professional or business setting, the right question is, How do we improve the relevant skills? rather than, How do we teach the relevant knowledge?
中文：
正如在许多情况下，只要你已经想出了怎样来正确地提问，就已经知道了一半的正确答案。在专业的或商业的背景中涉及提高绩效和表现时，正确的问题是“我们怎样改进相关的技能”，而不是“我们怎样传授相关的知识”。

5.When the writer asked him why he was doing it, Dan gave an answer I really liked. Ha said he didn’t appreciate the attitude that only certain people can succeed in certain areas-that only those people who are logical and “good at math” can go into mathematics, that only athletic people can go into sports, that only musically gifted people can become really good at playing an instrument. This sort of thinking just gave people an excuse not to pursue things that they might otherwise really enjoy and perhaps even be good at, and he didn’t want to fall into that trap. “That inspired me to try something completely different from anything I’d ever done,” he said. “I wanted to prove that anything’s possible if you’re willing to put in the time.”
中文：
当记者问他为什么选择打高尔夫球时，丹尼斯回答，“我真心喜欢。”他说，他不赞成人们这样的看法：只要少数一些人才能在特定领域中获得成功，只有那些逻辑思维清晰和“擅长数学”的人才能进入数学领域；只有那些有运动细胞的人才能进入体育领域；只有那些在音乐上有天赋的人才能真正擅长演奏某种乐器。这种想法，使得人们以此为借口，不去追求他们原本可能真正喜欢做，也许还很擅长的事情。因此，他不想堕入这样的陷阱。他说，“一想到这些，我便想去试着做一些与我曾做过的全然不同的事情。我想证明，如果你愿意投入时间，一切皆有可能。”