Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalAccessError: javax/el/Util
遇到个很诡异的问题，困扰了我好几天，项目运行不起来导致我无法开发下去。
问题描述：这是个Spring Boot个人项目，从环境的搭建到开发这一过程还是挺顺利的，其中遇到的问题也都解决了，也做了相应的记录，具体可以翻阅我之前的博客，可能有些问题没有记录下来，望谅解。
突然发现使用springboot内嵌的服务器时，有些麻烦的地方，就是每次更改项目中的java等文件时，都要全量打包，如果要使用增量打包的话，则必须使用第三方的应用服务器（Tomcat服务器）。就在使用外部的tomcat服务器部署的时候，就遇到了jar包冲突或找不到相应的类的异常（如，ELManager）。网上也有很多此类的解决方案，可以参考网上的。接下来我所说的是另一个问题，网上很少有这个答案。
当我用IDEA启动springboot项目时，发现报了以下异常：
2019-01-01 10:42:17.407 INFO 26196 — [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : Starting DemoApplication on guyuanhui with PID 26196 (E:\guyuanhui\NewGraduateProject\xiaoyiduo\test1\target\classes started by guyuanhui in E:\guyuanhui\NewGraduateProject\xiaoyiduo\test1)
2019-01-01 10:42:17.411 INFO 26196 — [ main] com.example.demo.DemoApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-01-01 10:42:17.477 INFO 26196 — [ main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext@482cd91f: startup date [Tue Jan 01 10:42:17 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-01-01 10:42:18.664 WARN 26196 — [ main] ConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext : Exception encountered during context initialization - cancelling refresh attempt: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor’: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalAccessError: javax/el/Util
2019-01-01 10:42:18.673 INFO 26196 — [ main] ConditionEvaluationReportLoggingListener :
Error starting ApplicationContext. To display the conditions report re-run your application with ‘debug’ enabled.
2019-01-01 10:42:18.684 ERROR 26196 — [ main] o.s.boot.SpringApplication : Application run failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name ‘org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor’: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalAccessError: javax/el/Util
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1710) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:583) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:502) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean 0 ( A b s t r a c t B e a n F a c t o r y . j a v a : 312 ) [ s p r i n g − b e a n s − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b e a n s . f a c t o r y . s u p p o r t . D e f a u l t S i n g l e t o n B e a n R e g i s t r y . g e t S i n g l e t o n ( D e f a u l t S i n g l e t o n B e a n R e g i s t r y . j a v a : 228 ) [ s p r i n g − b e a n s − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b e a n s . f a c t o r y . s u p p o r t . A b s t r a c t B e a n F a c t o r y . d o G e t B e a n ( A b s t r a c t B e a n F a c t o r y . j a v a : 310 ) [ s p r i n g − b e a n s − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b e a n s . f a c t o r y . s u p p o r t . A b s t r a c t B e a n F a c t o r y . g e t B e a n ( A b s t r a c t B e a n F a c t o r y . j a v a : 205 ) [ s p r i n g − b e a n s − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . c o n t e x t . s u p p o r t . P o s t P r o c e s s o r R e g i s t r a t i o n D e l e g a t e . r e g i s t e r B e a n P o s t P r o c e s s o r s ( P o s t P r o c e s s o r R e g i s t r a t i o n D e l e g a t e . j a v a : 205 ) [ s p r i n g − c o n t e x t − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . c o n t e x t . s u p p o r t . A b s t r a c t A p p l i c a t i o n C o n t e x t . r e g i s t e r B e a n P o s t P r o c e s s o r s ( A b s t r a c t A p p l i c a t i o n C o n t e x t . j a v a : 709 ) [ s p r i n g − c o n t e x t − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . c o n t e x t . s u p p o r t . A b s t r a c t A p p l i c a t i o n C o n t e x t . r e f r e s h ( A b s t r a c t A p p l i c a t i o n C o n t e x t . j a v a : 534 ) [ s p r i n g − c o n t e x t − 5.0.4. R E L E A S E . j a r : 5.0.4. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . w e b . s e r v l e t . c o n t e x t . S e r v l e t W e b S e r v e r A p p l i c a t i o n C o n t e x t . r e f r e s h ( S e r v l e t W e b S e r v e r A p p l i c a t i o n C o n t e x t . j a v a : 140 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . r e f r e s h ( S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . j a v a : 752 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . r e f r e s h C o n t e x t ( S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . j a v a : 388 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . r u n ( S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . j a v a : 327 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . r u n ( S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . j a v a : 1246 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . r u n ( S p r i n g A p p l i c a t i o n . j a v a : 1234 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t c o m . e x a m p l e . d e m o . D e m o A p p l i c a t i o n . m a i n ( D e m o A p p l i c a t i o n . j a v a : 10 ) [ c l a s s e s / : n a ] C a u s e d b y : j a v a . l a n g . I l l e g a l A c c e s s E r r o r : j a v a x / e l / U t i l a t j a v a x . e l . E L M a n a g e r . g e t E x p r e s s i o n F a c t o r y ( E L M a n a g e r . j a v a : 30 ) [ t o m c a t − e m b e d − e l − 8.5.28. j a r : 2.2. F R ] a t o r g . h i b e r n a t e . v a l i d a t o r . m e s s a g e i n t e r p o l a t i o n . R e s o u r c e B u n d l e M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r . b u i l d E x p r e s s i o n F a c t o r y ( R e s o u r c e B u n d l e M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r . j a v a : 88 ) [ h i b e r n a t e − v a l i d a t o r − 6.0.7. F i n a l . j a r : 6.0.7. F i n a l ] a t o r g . h i b e r n a t e . v a l i d a t o r . m e s s a g e i n t e r p o l a t i o n . R e s o u r c e B u n d l e M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r . < i n i t > ( R e s o u r c e B u n d l e M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r . j a v a : 47 ) [ h i b e r n a t e − v a l i d a t o r − 6.0.7. F i n a l . j a r : 6.0.7. F i n a l ] a t o r g . h i b e r n a t e . v a l i d a t o r . i n t e r n a l . e n g i n e . C o n f i g u r a t i o n I m p l . g e t D e f a u l t M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r ( C o n f i g u r a t i o n I m p l . j a v a : 461 ) [ h i b e r n a t e − v a l i d a t o r − 6.0.7. F i n a l . j a r : 6.0.7. F i n a l ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . v a l i d a t i o n . M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r F a c t o r y . g e t O b j e c t ( M e s s a g e I n t e r p o l a t o r F a c t o r y . j a v a : 54 ) [ s p r i n g − b o o t − 2.0.0. R E L E A S E . j a r : 2.0.0. R E L E A S E ] a t o r g . s p r i n g f r a m e w o r k . b o o t . c o n t e x t . p r o p e r t i e s . C o n f i g u r a t i o n P r o p e r t i e s J s r 303 V a l i d a t o r 0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:312) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:310) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:205) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:205) ~[spring-context-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:709) ~[spring-context-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:534) ~[spring-context-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:140) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:752) [spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:388) [spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:327) [spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1246) [spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1234) [spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at com.example.demo.DemoApplication.main(DemoApplication.java:10) [classes/:na] Caused by: java.lang.IllegalAccessError: javax/el/Util at javax.el.ELManager.getExpressionFactory(ELManager.java:30) ~[tomcat-embed-el-8.5.28.jar:2.2.FR] at org.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.buildExpressionFactory(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:88) ~[hibernate-validator-6.0.7.Final.jar:6.0.7.Final] at org.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.<init>(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:47) ~[hibernate-validator-6.0.7.Final.jar:6.0.7.Final] at org.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ConfigurationImpl.getDefaultMessageInterpolator(ConfigurationImpl.java:461) ~[hibernate-validator-6.0.7.Final.jar:6.0.7.Final] at org.springframework.boot.validation.MessageInterpolatorFactory.getObject(MessageInterpolatorFactory.java:54) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303Validator 0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:312) [spring−beans−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228) [spring−beans−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:310) [spring−beans−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:205) [spring−beans−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:205) [spring−context−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:709) [spring−context−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:534) [spring−context−5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:140) [spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:752)[spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:388)[spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:327)[spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1246)[spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1234)[spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atcom.example.demo.DemoApplication.main(DemoApplication.java:10)[classes/:na]Causedby:java.lang.IllegalAccessError:javax/el/Utilatjavax.el.ELManager.getExpressionFactory(ELManager.java:30) [tomcat−embed−el−8.5.28.jar:2.2.FR]atorg.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.buildExpressionFactory(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:88) [hibernate−validator−6.0.7.Final.jar:6.0.7.Final]atorg.hibernate.validator.messageinterpolation.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.<init>(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:47) [hibernate−validator−6.0.7.Final.jar:6.0.7.Final]atorg.hibernate.validator.internal.engine.ConfigurationImpl.getDefaultMessageInterpolator(ConfigurationImpl.java:461) [hibernate−validator−6.0.7.Final.jar:6.0.7.Final]atorg.springframework.boot.validation.MessageInterpolatorFactory.getObject(MessageInterpolatorFactory.java:54) [spring−boot−2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]atorg.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303ValidatorDelegate.(ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303Validator.java:71) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303Validator.(ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303Validator.java:43) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303Validator.getIfJsr303Present(ConfigurationPropertiesJsr303Validator.java:64) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBinder.(ConfigurationPropertiesBinder.java:69) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.afterPropertiesSet(ConfigurationPropertiesBindingPostProcessor.java:78) ~[spring-boot-2.0.0.RELEASE.jar:2.0.0.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1769) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1706) ~[spring-beans-5.0.4.RELEASE.jar:5.0.4.RELEASE]
… 16 common frames omitted
令我很诧异的是，我IDEA上的代码都没有改动过，我处理的都是外部tomcat的jar包的问题。为什么在IDEA上会突然跑不起来了呢，之前还是可以正常启动的啊！为了解决这个问题，各种方式都使用过了。暴力法：重装IDEA，更改系统变量中指定新的jdk和IDEA下的maven，重新拉取最新版本的项目，更换内嵌的Tomcat版本，再运行，还是这个异常。
问题排查：尝试在另一台电脑上运行此项目，发现可以正常跑起来！可见项目源代码是没有问题的。回到本机，创建了个springboot的demo，发现还是这个问题。所以十分肯定，问题就出在环境上。
最终解决方案。启动项目，发觉到控制台输出的第一行的jdk路径不对，还是原先的。我明明安装了新的jdk并且在系统变量也配置了啊。后来重新引入新的jdk，最后成功跑起来了。可见，问题就出现在jdk身上。
出错原因：为了解决外部tomcat部署springboot项目的问题，根据网上提供的方案，在替换相关的jar包时，可能不小心将jdk中的jar包替换了。所以导致了该异常。除了这个，我找不到其他的原因了，因为之前都是好好的。
总结：为了解决一个小问题，参考了网上的解决方案而引出了其他难以解决的bug。这时可能会考虑极端的解决方法，而在采用极端的方法时，需要检验每一步是否准确无误了，否则后面就不会再回头考虑刚才的极端方法。然而这恰恰是最好的方案。