1 FORTRAN 90 程序示例代码
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! Code NAME: people.F90 !
! Code DESC: This code contains module, structure(type),pointer !
! array,subroutine et al. usage. !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
! IGSNRR of CAS [email protected] !
!------------------------------------------------------------------------------------!
MODULE peopleType
IMPLICIT NONE
!PRIVATE
TYPE,PUBLIC :: peopleT
INTEGER,POINTER :: idCard
CHARACTER *10,POINTER :: name
CHARACTER *4,POINTER :: sex
INTEGER,POINTER :: age
INTEGER,POINTER :: archiveYear(:)
CHARACTER *50,POINTER :: archiveHistory(:)
END TYPE peopleT
TYPE,PUBLIC :: studentT
TYPE(peopleT) :: p
INTEGER,POINTER :: familyMembersNum
CHARACTER *10,POINTER :: familyMembers(:)
END TYPE studentT
!----------------------------------------------------
! Declare single instance of peopleType
!----------------------------------------------------
TYPE(peopleT) , PUBLIC, TARGET, SAVE :: people
TYPE(studentT), PUBLIC, TARGET, SAVE :: student
PUBLIC :: peopleInit
PUBLIC :: peoplePrint
PUBLIC :: studentInit
PUBLIC :: studentPrint
CONTAINS
SUBROUTINE peopleInit()
INTEGER,TARGET :: NUMBER=001
CHARACTER *10,TARGET :: NAME='SHU Chang'
INTEGER,TARGET :: AGE=20
CHARACTER *4,TARGET :: SEX='Girl'
INTEGER :: I
people.idCard => NUMBER
people%name => NAME
people.sex => SEX
people.age => AGE
ALLOCATE(people.archiveYear(1:AGE))
ALLOCATE(people.archiveHistory(1:AGE))
!Assign values to pointer arrays:
DO I=1,AGE
people.archiveYear(I)=2000+I
people.archiveHistory(I)='WELL'
END DO
END SUBROUTINE peopleInit
SUBROUTINE peoplePrint()
INTEGER :: i
print *,'The People Information----------------------------------------'
print *,'Basic Information:'
print *,'ID-CARD:',people.idCard,'NAME:',people.name,'SEX:',people.sex,&
'AGE:',people.age
print *,'Archive Information:'
DO i=1,people.age
print *,'Archive Year:',people.archiveYear(i),'Archive History:',&
people.archiveHistory(i)
END DO
print *,'---------------------------------------------------------------'
END SUBROUTINE peoplePrint
SUBROUTINE studentInit()
INTEGER,TARGET :: n=3
student.familyMembersNum => n
ALLOCATE(student.familyMembers(1:n))
student.familyMembers=(/'Father','Mother','Self'/)
call peopleInit
END SUBROUTINE studentInit
SUBROUTINE studentPrint()
INTEGER :: i
call peoplePrint
print *,'The Student Information----------------------------------------'
print *,'The family-members number is:',student.familyMembersNum
print *,'They are respectively:'
DO i=1,student.familyMembersNum
print *,student.familyMembers(i)
END DO
print *,'---------------------------------------------------------------'
END SUBROUTINE studentPrint
END MODULE peopleType
!The main program begins here:
program main
!Use the module of peopleType above.
use peopleType
!Local pointer variables:
integer,pointer :: numberL
character(len=10),pointer :: nameL
character(len=4),pointer :: sexL
integer,pointer :: ageL
!Call the subroutine: peopleInit() to initialize the peopleT structure.
print *,'The result is below when the subroutine is called:'
call peopleInit
call peoplePrint
!Relate the free pointer and the target pointer
numberL => people%idCard
nameL => people.name
sexL => people.sex
ageL => people.age
!Revalue them
numberL = 002
nameL = 'LIU Fei'
sexL = 'Boy'
ageL = 22
print *,'The result is here after the values being assigned:'
call peoplePrint
call studentInit
!Revalue them
numberL = 003
nameL = 'CHEN Qing'
sexL = 'Girl'
ageL = 18
print *,'The student Information is below:'
call studentPrint
end program
2 运行结果
$ ifort people.F90
$ ./a.out
The result is below when the subroutine is called:
The People Information----------------------------------------
Basic Information:
ID-CARD: 1 NAME:SHU Chang SEX:GirlAGE: 20
Archive Information:
Archive Year: 2001 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2002 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2003 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2004 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2005 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2006 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2007 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2008 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2009 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2010 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2011 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2012 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2013 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2014 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2015 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2016 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2017 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2018 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2019 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2020 Archive History: WELL
---------------------------------------------------------------
The result is here after the values being assigned:
The People Information----------------------------------------
Basic Information:
ID-CARD: 2 NAME:LIU Fei SEX:Boy AGE: 22
Archive Information:
Archive Year: 2001 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2002 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2003 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2004 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2005 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2006 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2007 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2008 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2009 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2010 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2011 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2012 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2013 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2014 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2015 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2016 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2017 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2018 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2019 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2020 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 0 Archive History: 1?
Archive Year: 0 Archive History:
---------------------------------------------------------------
The student Information is below:
The People Information----------------------------------------
Basic Information:
ID-CARD: 3 NAME:CHEN Qing SEX:GirlAGE: 18
Archive Information:
Archive Year: 2001 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2002 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2003 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2004 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2005 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2006 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2007 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2008 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2009 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2010 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2011 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2012 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2013 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2014 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2015 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2016 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2017 Archive History: WELL
Archive Year: 2018 Archive History: WELL
---------------------------------------------------------------
The Student Information----------------------------------------
The family-members number is: 3
They are respectively:
Father
Mother
Self
---------------------------------------------------------------
3 使用Fortrain小结
（1）Fortran中使用指针（pointer）必须进行初始化（即指向Target 对象），否则会造成内存错误（segmentation fault）。
（2）Fortran中的指针数组相当于动态数组。
（3）结构体类型中调用成员函数可以使用‘%’或‘.’符。
（4）Fortran中变量定义永远在过程体（执行体）之前，比如
integer :: r=5
print *,'hellow world'
不能为：
print *,'hellow world'
integer :: r=5
（5）Fortran不区分大小写。
（6）Fortran变量限定符大致有：变量类型符（integer，real，character...），public（private），target，pointer，save，parameter，dimiension等等。
