Linux压缩与解压
压缩与解压
文章目录
- 压缩工具
- gzip
- gzip [OPTION]... [FILE]...
- 解压 gzip -d
- bzip2
- bizp2 [OPTION]... [FILE]...
- 解压 bzip2 -d
- 解压并保留原文件 bzip2 -kd
- xz
- xz [OPTION]... [FILE]...
- 解压 xz -d
- 解压并保留源文件 xz -kd
- zip
- zip filename.zip file1 file2 ...
- zip filename.zip DIR/*
- 解压 unzip
- 归档工具 tar [OPTION...] [FILE]...
- tar cf rile.tar
- -tf：不展开归档，直接查看归档了哪些文件
- -cf：创建指定归档文件
- -xf：还原指定归档文件或者压缩归档文件
- -xf file.tar -C 压缩到指定目录
- -zcf file.tar.gz:归档并调用gzip进行压缩
- -jcf file.tar.bz2:归档并调用bzip2进行压缩
- -Jcf file.tar.xz:归档并调用xz进行压缩
- -zxf file.tar.gz:还原gzip格式的压缩归档文件
- -jxf file.tar.bz2:还原bizp2格式的归档压缩文件
- -Jxf file.tar.xz:还原xz格式的归档压缩文件
压缩工具
gzip
gzip [OPTION]… [FILE]…
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello
[root@localhost hzw]# gzip hello
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello.gz
[root@localhost hzw]# file hello.gz
hello.gz: gzip compressed data, was "hello", from Unix, last modified: Thu Sep 12 23:57:34 2019
解压 gzip -d
[root@localhost hzw]# gzip -d hello.gz
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello
bzip2
bizp2 [OPTION]… [FILE]…
[root@localhost hzw]# bzip2 hello
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello.bz2
[root@localhost hzw]# file hello.bz2
hello.bz2: bzip2 compressed data, block size = 900k
### bizp2
解压 bzip2 -d
[root@localhost hzw]# bzip2 -d hello.bz2
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello
解压并保留原文件 bzip2 -kd
[root@localhost hzw]# bzip2 hello
[root@localhost hzw]# bzip2 -kd hello.bz2
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello hello.bz2
xz
xz [OPTION]… [FILE]…
[root@localhost hzw]# xz hello
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello.xz
解压 xz -d
[root@localhost hzw]# xz -d hello.xz
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello
解压并保留源文件 xz -kd
[root@localhost hzw]# xz hello
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello.xz
[root@localhost hzw]# xz -kd hello.xz
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello hello.xz
zip
zip filename.zip file1 file2 …
[root@localhost hzw]# zip hello.zip hello
adding: hello (stored 0%)
[root@localhost hzw]# ls
hello hello.zip
zip filename.zip DIR/*
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# touch hello
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg hello
[root@localhost ~]# zip 123.zip ./*
adding: anaconda-ks.cfg (deflated 36%)
adding: hello (stored 0%)
[root@localhost ~]# ls
123.zip anaconda-ks.cfg hello
解压 unzip
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir a
[root@localhost ~]# ls
123.zip a anaconda-ks.cfg hello
[root@localhost ~]# mv 123.zip a
[root@localhost ~]# cd a
[root@localhost a]# unzip 123.zip
Archive: 123.zip
inflating: anaconda-ks.cfg
extracting: hello
[root@localhost a]# ls
123.zip anaconda-ks.cfg hello
归档工具 tar [OPTION…] [FILE]…
tar cf rile.tar
-c：创建归档文件
-f file.tar：指定要操作的归档文件
-x：还原归档
-v：显示归档过程
-p：归档时保留权限信息。只有管理员才有权限用此选项
-C：指定还原归档或解压时的目标目录
-tf：不展开归档，直接查看归档了哪些文件
[root@localhost tmp]# tar tf runtime2.tar.bz2
world/
-cf：创建指定归档文件
[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir hello
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# tar cf runtime.tar hello
（创建归档文件runtime 并将目录hello存入runtime）
[root@localhost tmp]# file runtime.tar
runtime.tar: POSIX tar archive (GNU)
[root@localhost tmp]# mv hello world
（将tmp目录下的hello更名为world）
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime.tar world yum.log
-xf：还原指定归档文件或者压缩归档文件
[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf runtime.tar （还原归档文件runtime）
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime.tar world yum.log
（有hello和world说明runtime里的hello被成功还原）
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -rf world
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf runtime2.tar.bz2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
-xf file.tar -C 压缩到指定目录
[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf runtime2.tar.bz2 -C /tmp/hello/
[root@localhost tmp]# ls hello
world
-zcf file.tar.gz:归档并调用gzip进行压缩
[root@localhost tmp]# tar zcf runtime1.tar.gz world
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# file runtime1.tar.gz
runtime1.tar.gz: gzip compressed data, from Unix, last modified: Fri Sep 13 03:11:50 2019
-jcf file.tar.bz2:归档并调用bzip2进行压缩
[root@localhost tmp]# tar jcf runtime2.tar.bz2 world
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# file runtime2.tar.bz2
runtime2.tar.bz2: bzip2 compressed data, block size = 900k
-Jcf file.tar.xz:归档并调用xz进行压缩
[root@localhost tmp]# tar Jcf runtime3.tar.xz world
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# file runtime3.tar.xz
runtime3.tar.xz: XZ compressed data
-zxf file.tar.gz:还原gzip格式的压缩归档文件
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -rf world
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
-jxf file.tar.bz2:还原bizp2格式的归档压缩文件
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -rf world/
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# tar jxf runtime2.tar.bz2
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
-Jxf file.tar.xz:还原xz格式的归档压缩文件
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# rm -rf world
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar yum.log
[root@localhost tmp]# tar Jxf runtime3.tar.xz
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
hello ks-script-Wut_Pw runtime1.tar.gz runtime2.tar.bz2 runtime3.tar.xz runtime.tar world yum.log