CentOS6.5配置vsftpd

 

 

一、环境

1.1 虚拟机工具 VMware® Workstation 12 Pro  12.1.1 build-3770994

1.2 终端 SecureCRT

1.3 Linux系统 CentOS 6.5

1.3.1 Linux系统版本信息查看

1、uname -a

[vmuser@localhost ~]$ uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

2、 cat /proc/version

[vmuser@localhost ~]$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013

3、cat /etc/issue

[vmuser@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/issue
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Kernel \r on an \m

4、 cat /etc/redhat-release

[vmuser@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

二、安装

2.0 关闭 SElinux

2.0.1 查看SElinux状态 ：getenforce

• getenforce 命令是单词get（获取）和enforce(执行)连写，可查看selinux状态，与setenforce命令相反。

• setenforce 命令则是单词set（设置）和enforce(执行)连写，用于设置selinux防火墙状态，如： setenforce 0用于关闭selinux防火墙，但重启后失效

  [root@localhost ~]# getenforce
  Enforcing

Current mode表示当前selinux防火墙的安全策略

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   enforcing
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      28

 

SELinux status：selinux防火墙的状态，enabled表示启用selinux防火墙
Current mode： selinux防火墙当前的安全策略，enforcing 表示强

 

2. 关闭SELinux

2.1 临时关闭

setenforce 0 ：用于关闭selinux防火墙，但重启后失效。

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status:                 enabled
SELinuxfs mount:                /sys/fs/selinux
SELinux root directory:         /etc/selinux
Loaded policy name:             targeted
Current mode:                   permissive
Mode from config file:          enforcing
Policy MLS status:              enabled
Policy deny_unknown status:     allowed
Max kernel policy version:      28

2.1 永久关闭

修改selinux的配置文件，重启后生效。

打开 selinux 配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

修改 selinux 配置文件

将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled，保存后退出

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected. 
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

此时获取当前selinux防火墙的安全策略仍为Enforcing，配置文件并未生效。

[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Enforcing

重启

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

验证

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/sbin/sestatus
SELinux status:                 disabled

[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Disabled

2.1 查看是否安装ftp服务器

[vmuser@localhost ~]$ rpm -qa|grep vsftp
vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64

2.2 若未安装则进行安装 切换到root 用户 进行 安装    yum install vsftpd -y

我的已安装好，则显示如下。若第一次安装，见Completed则安装完毕

[root@localhost ~]# yum install vsftpd -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * extras: mirrors.shu.edu.cn
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Setting up Install Process
Package vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

 2.3 查看安装的vsftpd

[root@localhost ~]# whereis vsftpd
vsftpd: /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd /usr/share/man/man8/vsftpd.8.gz

2.4 进入到vsftpd的配置文件夹中，配置文件为 vsftpd.conf

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/vsftpd/
[root@localhost vsftpd]# ls
chroot_list  ftpusers  user_list  vsftpd.conf  vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh
[root@localhost vsftpd]#

2.5 编辑 vsftpd.conf文件，进行如下配置

#anonymous_enable=YES 改成 anonymous_enable=NO

文件末尾新增：userlist_deny=NO 仅允许user_list的用户访问ftp服务器

放开下面的注释

chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

# 用户登录FTP服务器后是否具有访问自己目录以外的其他文件的权限
# 设置为YES时，用户被锁定在自己的home目录中，vsftpd将在下面chroot_list_file选项值的位置寻找chroot_list文件
# 必须与下面的设置项配合
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# 被列入此文件的用户，在登录后将不能切换到自己目录以外的其他目录

#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

# 从而有利于FTP服务器的安全管理和隐私保护。此文件需自己建立

cd /etc/vsftpd/

touch chroot_list

新建用户ftpuser

useradd ftpuser

passwd testacc

写入ftpuser到user_list、chroot_list中

echo ftpuser>> /etc/vsftpd/user_list

echo ftpuser>> /etc/vsftpd/chroot_list

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
#anonymous_enable=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
chroot_local_user=YES
chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
userlist_deny=NO

2.6 编辑防火墙

在 /etc/sysconfig/iptables  中 加入

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT

重启防火墙

service iptables restart

[root@localhost vsftpd]# cd /etc/sysconfig
[root@localhost sysconfig]# ls
atd         console    htcacheclean  ip6tables-config  irqbalance  netconsole       ntpd        readahead      sandbox        snmptrapd               system-config-firewall.old
auditd      cpuspeed   httpd         ip6tables.old     kdump       network          ntpdate     readonly-root  saslauthd      sshd                    system-config-users
authconfig  crond      i18n          iptables          kernel      networking       prelink     rngd           selinux        sysstat                 udev
cbq         firstboot  init          iptables-config   keyboard    network-scripts  quota_nld   rsyslog        smartmontools  sysstat.ioconf          wpa_supplicant
clock       grub       ip6tables     iptables.old      modules     nspluginwrapper  raid-check  samba          snmpd          system-config-firewall
[root@localhost sysconfig]# vim iptables

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall
# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT

2.7 编辑SElinux

SELINUX=disabled

查看SELinux 的状态

[root@localhost vsftpd]# getsebool ftpd_disable_trans

Error getting active value for ftpd_disable_trans

[root@localhost vsftpd]# sestatus -b | grep ftp

allow_ftpd_anon_write                      off

allow_ftpd_full_access                      off

allow_ftpd_use_cifs                        off

allow_ftpd_use_nfs                          off

ftp_home_dir                                off

ftpd_connect_db                            off

ftpd_use_fusefs                            off

ftpd_use_passive_mode                      off

httpd_enable_ftp_server                    off

tftp_anon_write                            off

tftp_use_cifs                              off

tftp_use_nfs                                off

结果如上， ftp_home_dir off，即SE关闭了ftp主目录，如下，将其设置为on

[root@localhost vsftpd]# setsebool -P ftp_home_dir on

说明：-P表示永久设置，不用每次开机后都重新设置。

[root@localhost sysconfig]# vim /etc/selinux/config


# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
#SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

2.8 chkconfig  vsftpd on 设置vsftpd自启动

2.9 启动vsftpd

service vsftpd restart