Python对requests的安装与检测

我是Python小白 完全不知道该如何去运行 但是看到别人的爬虫代码就很开心激动和羡慕

于是我就捉摸着自学与研究 我的电脑是 win10 64位的 安装的是Python3.5

环境变量就是把安装的路径添加到环境变量即可,不会可以搜.网上写的都比我的好.所以就不赘述了

先贴代码,是爬去网易云音乐的热评.

import re
import requests
import json


def get_all_hotsongs():
    """抓热搜榜所有歌曲"""
    url = 'http://music.163.com/discover/toplist?id=3778678'
    headers = {
        'Cookie':'__e_=1515461191756; _ntes_nnid=af802a7dd2cafc9fef605185da6e73fb,1515461190617; _ntes_nuid=af802a7dd2cafc9fef605185da6e73fb; JSESSIONID-WYYY=HMyeRdf98eDm%2Bi%5CRnK9iB%5ChcSODhA%2Bh4jx5t3z20hhwTRsOCWhBS5Cpn%2B5j%5CVfMIu0i4bQY9sky%5CsvMmHhuwud2cDNbFRD%2FHhWHE61VhovnFrKWXfDAp%5CqO%2B6cEc%2B%2BIXGz83mwrGS78Goo%2BWgsyJb37Oaqr0IehSp288xn5DhgC3Cobe%3A1515585307035; _iuqxldmzr_=32; __utma=94650624.61181594.1515583507.1515583507.1515583507.1; __utmc=94650624; __utmz=94650624.1515583507.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); __utmb=94650624.4.10.1515583507',
        'Host':'music.163.com',
        'Refere':'http://music.163.com/',
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1',
        'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36'
    }
    r = requests.get(url,headers=headers)


    #使用正则表达式匹配正文响应
    reg1 = r'

• .*

'
    result_contain_songs_ul = re.compile(reg1).findall(r.text)
    result_contain_songs_ul = result_contain_songs_ul[0]


    reg2 = r'

(.*?)

'
    reg3 = r'

.*?

'
    hot_songs_name = re.compile(reg2).findall(result_contain_songs_ul)
    hot_songs_id = re.compile(reg3).findall(result_contain_songs_ul)


    #返回歌曲名 歌曲id
    return hot_songs_name,hot_songs_id


def get_hotcommnets(hot_songs_name,hot_songs_id):
    """抓热搜榜歌曲热评"""
    url = 'http://music.163.com/weapi/v1/resource/comments/R_SO_4_'+hot_songs_id+'?csrf_token='
    headers = {
        'Host':'music.163.com',
        'Proxy-Connection':'keep-alive',
        'Origin':'http://music.163.com',
        'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko)',
        'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
        'Accept':'*/*',
        'Referer':'http://music.163.com/song?id='+hot_songs_id+'',
        'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate',
        'Accept-Language':'zh,zh-TW;q=0.9,en-US;q=0.8,en;q=0.7',
        'Cookie':'__e_=1515461191756; _ntes_nnid=af802a7dd2cafc9fef605185da6e73fb,1515461190617; _ntes_nuid=af802a7dd2cafc9fef605185da6e73fb; _iuqxldmzr_=32; __utmc=94650624; __utmz=94650624.1515628584.2.2.utmcsr=baidu|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic; JSESSIONID-WYYY=TO%2BtUvrTWONNwB%2BgzDpfjFDiggKiS%2FfpMYNam%2BWGooHNka%2BwMhdsT%5CY%2Fn%2FpSMJwo4skFIK1T%2FNjd95lbGHWMQr5d5qcMRPB9SVKWK8UuBs1OGugZ4lFwipwjwWbCepSw%5CjWv31i1Qt%5CWWwtrFzzktj8CdCzniAw%5CgFCElUJnsQygY0MA%3A1515635604215; __utma=94650624.61181594.1515583507.1515630648.1515633862.4; __utmb=94650624.2.10.1515633862'
    }
    data = {
        'params':'cG5yxYo1s0E9Eqv4QWJLM0fdPiJr0+GfKwqcGPulhOtGJ16gEBopaMhe6XeVNKDigMlpCaV7vrDNQLIOPIaTpAjlcJv+hjdCek6nL0ODfHt9ZEmtkTmU4r/+SA6Vno+o+c4EaPvhghNUXRMdVM/LltKvVanwOSvVhcqUPw9qij1d1akcxweLOWf1hKh2/q/m',
        'encSecKey':'a6c21ac04a44dca0e68174f9dfa85537a2694ecf7b43bdcd46a90836209a3d68008b430b54751bc0f56b12b6da38a265afcef1edbf687d70d1eb853144e920fea28e19a8c6145b7bad33e40d077e8a689b4bf67b367db815278af4ef227b02d85e609007106b7fc4a547bf96a1b90b0eda85bca6cc79ca6fc6559d00060d4184'
    }
    
    #postdata = data.encode('utf-8')
    response = requests.post(url,data=data,headers=headers)
    #print(response.text)


    #格式化响应正文hotComments热评节点
    hotcomments = json.loads(response.text)['hotComments']
    #print(hotcomments)


    #遍历热评内容 保存到当前目录文本
    num = 0
    with open('./song_comments.txt','a',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        f.write('《'+hot_songs_name+'》：'+'\n')
        for i in hotcomments:
            num+=1
            #print(str(num))
            f.write(str(num)+'.'+i['content']+'\n')
            #f.write(i['content']+'\n')
        f.write('\n====================================================\n\n')


#调用方法 获得歌曲名 歌曲id
hot_songs_name,hot_songs_id = get_all_hotsongs()
#print(len(hot_songs_name))




#循环遍历抓取所有热搜热评
num = 0
while num < len(hot_songs_name):
    print('正在抓取网易云音乐热搜榜第%d首歌曲热评...'%(num+1))
    get_hotcommnets(hot_songs_name[num],hot_songs_id[num])
    print('第%d首歌曲热评抓取成功'%(num+1))
    num+=1


#print(hot_songs_name[0],hot_songs_id[0])
#get_hotcommnets(hot_songs_name[0],hot_songs_id[0])

会发现有 requests 这就是需要安装的依赖

首先下载

1、首先去这里requests库下载下载安装包

并解压到python的安装目录中

2、然后打开cmd命令行，使用命令“cd (requests-master路径)”或者选中上图的requests-master，按住shift右键打开cmd快速通道，如下图：

3、然后输入命令：python setup.py install,回车即可

4、检查是否安装成功

打开cmd命令行，输入:python回车

接着输入:import requests

出现上图即为安装成功

方法二

下面是requests的安装步骤：

我们这里直接用pip安装（这样比较适合新手），新版python自带pip，python2.7.13下载地址：https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/python-2.7.13.msi

我们安装python2.7.13后，到安装目录，把C:\Python27\Scripts（我安装的目录是C:\Python27）添加到系统的环境变量Path中

然后在cmd下cd到这个目录下C:\Python27\Scripts，然后执行pip install requests

安装完成

然后我们试试import requests看看安装成功了没

 

然后再去打开 cmd 运行这段代码,注意请求路径要改成自己的id名